INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 547 



susceptible of contractinf; the iliseusf, ami while some of the.se con- 

 tract it as a general constitutional mahuly, in others it develops as 

 only a local sore. 



In acute "glanders ihe conta'^ion is found in its most virulent form, 

 as is siiown bv the ine\ itai)K' infection of susce})til)le animals inocu- 

 lated with the disease, while the discharge from chronic semilatent 

 glamlers and farcy may at times be inoculated with a ne<;ati\e result; 

 again, in ai-ute glaiulers, as wc have a free discharge, a much greater 

 quantity of virus-containing matter is scattered in the neighborhood 

 of an infected horse to serve as a contagion to others than is found 

 in the small amount of discharge of the chronic cases. 



The chances of contagion are much greater when sound horses, 

 as.ses. or mules are j^laced in the inunediate neighborhood of glan- 

 dered horses, drink from the same bucket, stand in the next stall, or 

 work in the same wagon, or are fed from feed boxes or mangers 

 which have been impregnated by the .saliva and soiled by the dis- 

 charge of sick animals. Transmission occurs by direct contact of 

 the discharges of a glandered animal with the tissues of a sound one, 

 either on the exterior, when swallowed mixed with feed into the 

 digestive tract, or when dried and inhaled as dust. 



The stable attendants serve as one of the most common carriers of 

 the virtis. Dried or fresh discharges are collected from the infected 

 animals in cleaning, harnessing, feeding, and by means of the hands, 

 clothing, the teeth of the currycomb, the sponge, the bridle, and the 

 halter, and are tlms carried to other animals. 



An animal allecteil with chronic glanders in a latent form is moved 

 from one part of the stable to another, oi- works hitched with one 

 liorse and then with another, and may be an active agent in the 

 spreading of the disease without the cau.se being recogniz-ed. 



Glanders is found frequently in the most insidious forms, and we 

 recognize that it can exist without being api)arent: that is, it may 

 affect a horse for a long peri(»d without showing any symptoms that 

 will allow even the most experienced veterinarian to make a diag- 

 nosis. An old gray mare belonging to a tavern keeper was reserved 

 for family use with good caie and light work for a iM'iiod of eight 

 years, during which time other horses in the tavern stable were from 

 tinu' to time atfected with glanders without an ap|)arent cause. The 

 mare, who.s«> only trotiiile was an apparent attack of heaves, was sold 

 to a huck.ster who jdaced her at hard work. Want of feed and over- 

 work and exposure rapidly develo])ed a case of acute glanders, from 

 which the animal died, and at the autopsy were found the lesions of 

 an acute pneumonia of glanders grafted on chronic lesions, consi.sting 

 of olil nodules which had undoubtt'cHy existed for years. 



In a ca.se that once canje under the care of the writer, a coach horse 

 was examined for .soundness and passed as sound by a prominent 



