656 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



cases of chronic farcy and chronic glanders, no matter how few the 

 external and visible symptoms may have been, there is a deposit of 

 nodules — small, hard, indurated nodes — of new connective tissue to be 

 found in the lungs. When these have existed for some time we maj?^ 

 find a deposit of lime salts in them. These indurated nodules retain 

 the virus and their power to give out contagion for almost an indefi- 

 nite time, and predispose to the causes which we have studied as the 

 common factors in developing a chronic case into an acute case ; that 

 is, an inflammatory process wakens their vitality and produces a 

 reinfection of the entire animal. The blood of an animal suffering 

 from chronic glanders and farcy is not virulent and is unaltered, but 

 during the attack of acute glanders, while the animal has fever, the 

 blood becomes virulent and remains so for a few days. 



Treatment, — Almost the entire list of drugs in the pharmacopoeia 

 has been tested in the treatment of glanders. Good hygienic sur- 

 roundings, good feed, with alteratives and tonics, frequently amelio- 

 rate the symptoms, and often do so to such an extent that the animal 

 would pass the examination of any expert as a perfectly sound ani- 

 mal. "\Miile in this case the number of nodules of the lungs, which 

 are invariably there, may be so few as not to cause sufficient disturb- 

 ance in the respiration as to attract the attention of the examiner, yet 

 they exist, and will remain there almost indefinitely, with the constant 

 possibility of a return of acute symptoms. 



It is probable that some horses may recover from glanders if the 

 infection is slight, but it will not do to depend upon this except 

 under the most stringent veterinary supervision. With good care, 

 good feed, good surroundings and little work, an animal affected 

 with glanders may live for months or even years in a state of ap- 

 parently perfect health, but with the first deprivation of feed, with 

 a few days of severe hard work, with exposure to cold or with the 

 attack of a simple fever or inflammatory trouble from other causes, 

 the latent seeds of the disease break out and develop the trouble 

 again in an acute form. 



In several celebrated cases horses which have been affected with 

 glanders have been known to work for years and die from other 

 causes without ever having had the return of symptoms: but allow- 

 ing that these cases may occur, thej' are so few and far between, and 

 the danger of infection of glanders to other horses and to the stable 

 i'.ttendants is so great, that no animal which has once been affected 

 with the disease should be allowed to live unless repeated mallein 

 tests have shown him to have become free from taint of glanders. 



In all civilized countries, with the exception of some of the States 

 in the United States, the laws are most stringent regarding the 

 prompt declaration on the part of the owner and attending veteri- 

 narian at the first suspicion of a case of glanders, and they allow 



