40 TEN YEARS IN SWEDEN. 



Fathoms. Fathoms. 



Steamboats .... 20,000 



Steam machinery on land . . 15,000 

 Glass and porcelain manufactures . 12,000 



47,000 



Timber used in building houses, ships, car- 

 pentering, etc 1,000,000 



Total . . 6,715,568 

 Exports in 1854 . . . . . .' 436,169 



Total consumption . 7,351,737 



But there appears to be a mistake in the adding up of 

 Strom's calculation. The sum total should be 7,151,737 

 instead of 7,351,737, as he makes it; but I will follow his 

 calculation, and allow the consumption to be 7,351,737, for 

 it has of course much increased since 1854. 



Now allowing the yearly consumption to be 7,351,737 fathoms 



And the yearly produce of the forests, if 



fairly managed, to be . . . 5,720,000 



We shall find that there is a dead yearly 



loss on the capital of the forests of . 1,631,737 



In remarking on Herr Strom's calculations (with which 

 although not altogether agreeing, he considers in the main 

 to be pretty correct), Bishop Agardth observes 



" The above calculation plainly shows that, as the yearly 

 consumption of timber is greater than the yearly produce 

 (at least what ought to be the produce of the forest if it was 

 properly managed) a time must come at last when the forest 

 capital will altogether cease ; that is, when the woods have 

 totally disappeared. They resemble a great capitalist, 

 whose yearly expenses exceed his yearly income, and conse- 

 quently all of a sudden he finds himself a bankrupt. 



" Herr Strom has presupposed a hundred years' circula- 

 tion in the cutting down of the forest ; we must, therefore, 



