48 TEN YE, IRS IN SWEDEN. 



If the forests were managed properly as before suggested, 

 it would not be of so much consequence, for the clearings of 

 the forest would be used for pit props at least. 



Reckoning after 5 rqr. per fathom, a cubic foot of wood 

 will scarcely be worth more than 2 sk. rmt. ; but a cubic 

 foot of timber will be worth about 16 sk., and when it is 

 sawed into planks, about 24 sk. ; so this proves the folly of 

 cutting small timber. 



Fire wood, ready split, delivered at the nearest harbour, 

 per cubic fathom (144 cubic feet) Birch, about 18 rqr; 

 pine, 8 rqr; fir, 6 rqr. The freight from the north of 

 the Lake Wener down, to Grothenburg, is about 5d. per 

 fathom. 



The principal tar comes down from the Norrland forests 

 on the Bothnia, where very little charcoal is burned, but 

 in the winter we saw charcoal burning going on in every 

 forest. 



"I never saw any tar made in Wermland, except for 

 home consumption. Very little fir, but principally pine, is 

 used in burning tar. In the root and in the older wood, which 

 in these forests they call "tyre," much "hartz" is collected, 

 on which account this tyre wood burns like tallow, and is 

 used every where in the forest instead of candles. I never 

 used it for this purpose, but for lighting up a bush fire or 

 leistering at night, I well know its value. 



This tar-making is greatly mismanaged, because it 

 scarcely ever seems to pay for the labour. Twelve 

 cubic ells (two feet) of split tyre wood is supposed 

 to give one tunna of tar. In Norrland, according to 

 Ekman, in 1848, the cost of working a tunna in the 

 forest, would come to 14 rqr. 42 sk., although its price 

 at the leading place was scarcely ever 6 rqr. But I suppose a 

 man's day's work in these wild forests where the tar is burnt, 

 is worth very little, and as he gets his tyre wood for nothing, 

 it is almost all profit. 



The trees in these forests are subject to certain epidemics 

 or diseases, and the attacks of many species of insects. 

 The storm often passes over the forests, and blows down 



