136 TEN YEAES IN SWEDEN. 



" It will be seen that the additional capital required for 

 carrying on the farm at an improved rate, will come to about 

 as much as the original cost of the farm, and the net re- 

 serve must now cover interest for 65,000 rqr., which, after 

 the rate of six per cent., will be 3900 rqr. yearly. 



" The produce of the farm now, after it has been well 

 drained, well manured, and with proper farming, cannot be 

 reckoned at less than 100 rqr. per tunnland, and this is rather 

 under, than over the mark. (And I may add, that my friend 

 Mr. Stenstrom says that it is decidedly under the mark on a 

 good farm, farmed properly and in good condition ; and he, 

 moreover, said, that he would willingly give fifteen rqr. per 

 acre rent, for such a farm.) 



" To raise this sum at ordinary market prices, we shall 

 require to produce on each tunnland, 5 tunna wheat, or 7 

 tunna rye, or 5 tunna peas, or 8 tunna barley, or 100 tunna 

 turnips, or 30 tunna potatoes, or 3000 Ib. of hay. 



" Notwithstanding we have an improved system of farming, 

 and, consequently, more labour, our fallow will not increase 

 in proportion, and the wages and expenses of carrying on 

 the farm should not now exceed 24 rqr. per tunnland. De- 

 ducting this sum of 24 rqr. for expenses from the gross 

 income of 100 rqr. per tunnland, there will remain 76 rqr. 

 as the net produce of each tunnland (which, for the whole 

 area, gives 7600 rqr.), and when from this sum we deduct 

 3900 for interest, there remains a yearly gain of 3700 rqr., or 

 37 rqr. per tunnland (a little above 2 per English acre). 



( ' If we further follow the results on the same estate under 

 a different state of culture, it is plain that in the first in- 

 stance the insufficient capital employed, must sooner or later 

 end in the destruction of the estate, and the ultimate ruin of 

 the farmer. Whereas in the latter case, when the owner 

 for a useful purpose, incurs a further debt of 30,000 rqr., the 

 produce of the land will yearly increase, and not only leave 

 an interest on the capital employed, but besides that, a 

 yearly gain, which in eight years will pay off the increased 

 capital which the farmer has borrowed, for the improvement 

 of the estate." 



