BEINDEEE. 239 



tuft of long hair like a beard, and in the male a pro- 

 tuberance on the throat; a tuft of stiff hair inside the 

 hock ; ears much longer than the tail. Length 7 to 

 8 ft. ; height 6 ft.; colour in winter, grey-brown, in 

 summer brown. Young, pale brown. Female much 

 smaller than the male, without horns. 

 The horns are shed in the end of January, and in August 

 they are full-grown again. They are at first single and 

 cylindrical; in the second year they are about 1 ft. long, but 

 undivided ; in the third year they have 2 points ; in the 

 fourth 3, when they begin to flatten out ; in the fifth they 

 are full-grown as to breadth, but after that they yearly 

 become broader, and have more points, even up to 18 or 20. 

 About a century ago the elk was shot in Blekinge, and 

 even Halland, in the very south. Now, however, the limit 

 of this animal in Scandinavia may be reckoned from 58 

 north lat. to 64. 



The rutting season is in the end of September, and the 

 calf (or two calves) is born about the middle of June. 



Live principally on branches of the willow, aspen, birch, 

 mountain ash, and bleaberry fibres. 

 65. C. TARANDUS, L. Ben. (The Eeindeer). F. 



Tip of the nose altogether covered with hair ; hoofs 

 broad and blunt, a small tuft of hair on the inside of 

 the hock, and a smaller one outside; horns smooth, 

 round, long, branchy, directed backwards and then 

 curved forwards, very much developed. Both the 

 males and females have horns. A male of the wild 

 reindeer will measure about as follows Length 6 ft. 

 4 in., of which the head is 1 ft. 8 in.; neck 1 ft. 1 in. 

 height over the withers 3 ft. 9 in.; over the loins 

 3 ft. 10 in. 



The wild reindeer are always larger than the tame, and 

 of the tame deer they have two sizes, the Skags Rename 

 (or forest reindeer) and the Fjall E/enarne (or fell rein). 

 Of these the forest reindeer are always largest. A tame 

 reindeer will never weigh above 200 Ib. and wild reindeer 

 often 360 Ib. when full grown. 



