HARRIERS. 267 



large and apparent; third and fourth wing feathers 

 the longest ; the tip of the second conies much nearer to 

 that of the fifth than of the third ; first and seventh 

 alike ; tail longer than the wings ; upper tail coverts 

 pure white. 



Is certainly commoner than the last, in the midland dis- 

 tricts, and appears to go much further north, for specimens 

 have been shot up at Munioniska, in Tornea Lapland. Is 

 spread over the whole of Finland. 



20. C. CiNERACEUS, Mont. Mindre Karr hok. Montague's 



Harrier. D. F. 



Very much resembles the last, but is smaller. Male 

 and female, subject to the same variation in plumage, 

 but in the male, the white under-plumage is spotted and 

 barred with rusty brown. Length from 15 to 17 inches. 

 To distinguish this species from the last, observe that 

 the tail is even with the closed wings ; the feather disk 

 is not nearly so plain ; the third wing feather is the 

 longest, and the tip of the second comes much nearer 

 that of the fourth, than of the fifth ; first like the sixth ; 

 upper tail coverts with grey transverse bands. 

 Is accidental in Scandinavia and Finland, but more com- 

 mon in Denmark, where it breeds. Has probably been 

 hitherto confounded with the last. 



21. C. PALLIDUS, Sykes. Blek Karr hok. F. 



Resembles the last in size and appearance. Subject 

 to the same variation in plumage, but the male may 

 always be known by its pure white throat and chest 

 (whence its English name), which in both the two last 

 species are blue ash. The feather disk is indistinct, 

 unspotted. The tail is considerably longer than the 

 closed wings; the third wing feather longest; the 

 tip of the second comes nearer that of the fourth, than 

 of the fifth. 



Accidental specimens have been shot both in Gothland 

 (where they are said to breed), and also near Gothenburg, 

 but all have been females. Two examples have been shot in 



