JACKDAW MAGPIE-JAY. 285 



neck feathers are apparent. More gregarious in breed- 

 ing and other habits than any other crow. 

 Is a summer migrant to this country, and rarely met 

 with except in the extreme south ; but I saw a pair (one of 

 which I obtained) at Quickiock, and M. v. Wright mentions 

 having received a specimen from Kittila, Lapmark. 



52. C. MONEDULA, L. Kaja. The Jackdaw. D. F. 



Length 13 in. Crown of the head and upper parts 

 of the body blueish black ; occiput and nape, ash grey ; 

 iris white. 



Is common in all the towns in the south and middle of 

 the country ; and if a great part of them migrate in the 

 winter, a great many remain behind, especially in the south. 



Gen. Pica, Ouv. 



Tail very long and wedge-shaped. Other characters as 

 in the crows. 



53. PICA CAUDATA, Eay. Skata. The Magpie. D. F. 



Length 18 in. ; tail 9 in. Head, throat, back and 

 breast black, with a blue and green gloss ; shoulders, 

 breast, and belly white. 



Is universally dispersed over all Scandinavia, from the 

 extreme south even up to Hammerfest, in West Finmark ; 

 remains throughout the year. I have repeatedly observed 

 in Sweden, that, about Christmas, the magpies assemble 

 around their old nests, as if to decide who was to take pos- 

 session, and leave them till they begin building in March. 



Gen. Garrulus, Briss. 



Beak shorter than the head, which is covered with long 

 bushy feathers; the whole plumage soft and bushy; tail 

 rounded, longish. 



54. GAREUirs GLANDARIUS, Briss. Notskrika. The Jay. D.F. 



Length '14 in. Colour reddish brown- grey, with black 

 tail ; upper and under tail coverts white, and bril- 

 liant blue wing coverts, with small black transverse 

 bands ; iris grey- white. No difference in plumage of 

 the sexes. 



