315 



mer, and I took the nest up at Quickiock. It certainly, 

 however, is nowhere so common in the north as the field- 

 fare or redwing, nor does it go so far up. Like all the 

 rest, occasional specimens may remain in the middle and 

 south of this country, throughout the winter. 



97. T. ILIACUS, L. Rodvinge Trast. The Redwing. D. F. 



Length about 8 in. 2 1. > colour above olive-brown ; 

 the under wing coverts, and flanks deep orange red ; a 

 broad white streak over the eyes ; front of the neck 

 covered with blackish, breast and sides with grey- 

 brown, long spots. 



Is universally dispersed .throughout the breeding season 

 from the south of Wermland, where I have taken the nest, 

 up to the North Cape. Nest smaller and more neatly 

 built than that of the fieldfare, and the eggs, five or six, are 

 always smaller, neater, and purer in colour than those of 

 that bird. It has, when fresh, a peculiar green tinge, 

 which, however, fades soon after the egg is blown. You 

 rarely see an egg spotted like that of the fieldfare ; they 

 are usually of a uniform green colour, which soon fades to 

 green-brown. 



98. T. PILAEIS, L. Bjork Trast. The Fieldfare. D. F. 



Length nearly 10 in. ; lore black ; head and rump, ash 

 grey ; back, dark chestnut brown ; under wing coverts 

 white } tail black ; abdomen unspotted. 

 Is as common, and in many places much commoner, than 

 the last, in the north of Scandinavia, during the nesting 

 season ; and although on one occasion I met with them breed- 

 ing in Wester Gotland, and even, according to Nilsson, they 

 breed on Gotland, it is certain that their true summer home 

 is in the pine forests of the far north. But they certainly 

 nest in North Wermland and Dalecarlia. They are more 

 gregarious in their breeding habits than the redwing, but I 

 never saw them like rooks at home in a clump of trees, 

 with many nests on one tree. Wherever you find one 

 nest, you are, however, sure that more are in the neighbour- 

 hood ; and in the Quickiock forests the redwing breeds in the 



