322 TEN YEAES IN SWEDEN. 



108. A. KUPESTEIS, Nilss. Skar Piplarka. D. F. 



Length near 7 in. ; tarsus 7 1. ; hind toe 6 1., of which, 

 the claw is 3 ; colour above dark ash grey, with dark 

 brown spots, especially on the back; below whitish, 

 with a rusty yellow tinge on the breast and belly, and 

 grey-brown spots ; only the outermost tail-feather with 

 a whitish edge ; legs dark. 



This is certainly the common rock pipit of Sweden, and 

 is met with up to the North Cape. Can always be dis- 

 tinguished from the British rock pipit, anthus aquations, 

 Tern./ thus : the spots on the breast of aquations are 

 large, and occupy one-half of the ground colour of ihe 

 breast, while in rupestris they are more distinct, and 

 very small, not occupying more than one -fourth of the 

 ground colour ; and, moreover, the ground plumage of ru- 

 pestris is considerably richer. There is also a pale spot on 

 the auriculars of rupestris not in aquations. Although a 

 summer migrant, I have shot specimens off the southern 

 coast throughout the whole winter. Habits like the common 

 rock pipit, and the eggs are also much alike. Figured by 

 Bree as ' ' the water pipit." 



The common rock pipit, A. aquations, Bechst, is not in- 

 cluded in the Swedish fauna. I have, however, shot more 

 than one specimen of this bird off the coast of Scania, and it 

 is well known in Denmark. 



The Pennsylvanian pipit, which has recently been added 

 to the British fauna, has probably been overlooked in Sweden, 

 and I will, therefore, quote the following remarks from Dr. 

 Bree : " When placed beside A. pratensis, there is a general 

 resemblance between the two birds in size, colour, and mark- 

 ings. It differs, however, from, anthus pratensis in the 

 following points : the wing is half an inch longer ; the hind 

 claw shorter and more curved ; the beak stouter and broader 

 at the base. Plumage of the back is more uniform, olive 

 grey, and less mottled, and on the lower part of the body 

 there is a rufous tint more or less pronounced." 



109. A. PRATENSIS, Bechst. Ang Piplarka. The Meadow 



Pipit. D. F. 



