PINCHES. 339 



to have been once killed in Sweden ; but I hardly think it 

 safe to include it in either list. 



139. F. CCELEBS, L. Bofink. The Chaffinch. D. F. 



Length about 6 in. In the female and young the 

 head is grey-green; back olive grey-brown; under 

 parts pale grey. The old male in spring has the beak, 

 head, and neck ash blue ; back brown ; under parts red- 

 brown. In winter all the colours are duller and greyer. 

 Is one of the commonest of small birds throughout all 

 Scandinavia during the summer. Most of them migrate in 

 the winter. 



140. F. MONTIFRINGILLA, L. Bergfink. The Brambling. 



D. F. 



About the size of the last ; throat, breast, and shoul- 

 ders rusty yellow; under wing feathers yellow, oval 

 black spots on the sides ; back in middle white, on the 

 sides black ; belly, and a streak over the root of the 

 wings white. In the autumn the male has broad rusty 

 grey feather edges on the head, neck, and upper parts, 

 which in the summer are black. The female has but a 

 slight resemblance to the male in colour; young like 

 female. 



Many remain in the south during winter. In the sum- 

 mer vast flocks go up to Lapland to breed, and when they 

 first arrive, the whole forest rings with their monotonous 

 " cree-cree." 



In Lapland they breed early in June; nest generally 

 placed in a small fir, like that of the chaffinch, but not so 

 neat and pretty. The eggs also resemble those of the chaf- 

 finch, but generally a trifle smaller; much darker in the 

 ground colour, and the purple lines and dots deeper, but not 

 so distinct ; in fact, the egg has a cloudy appearance. I 

 never heard the brambling sing. 



141. F. CHLOEIS, L. Gronfink. The Greenfinch. D. F. 



Length 6 in. ; the outer wing and tail feathers bright 

 yellow on the edges; male green; female greyish 

 brown, with a green tinge. 



