554 TEN YEAES IN SWEDEN. 



begin to approach the coast in January, and leave in April ; 

 but the form which they call the summer herring comes on 

 to the coast in July or August, and spawns about October, 

 and the small form in the Baltic spawns in May and June ; 

 up the Bothnia, at Umea, the stromming spawn in the 

 middle of July. 



The herring fishery on the Swedish coasts is now very 

 inconsiderable, as compared to what it formerly was. 



113. CLUPEA SPEATTUS, L. Skarp Sill. The Sprat. D.F. 



Dorsal placed farther back than in the herring ; the 

 ventrals beneath its hinder division ; keel of the abdomen 

 deeply serrated ; length 5 to 6 in. ; anal fin with 20 rays. 



There are two forms of sprat which, Nilsson observes, 

 might well be taken for two distinct species the one a 

 northerly form, body smaller and more elongated, with the 

 head longer than the greatest height of the body ; from 

 the coasts of Stockholm and Norway. The other is more 

 broad, with a shorter head, which is not equal to the greatest 

 body height. From the Sound and coast of Scania. Is met 

 with (never in such large shoals as the herring) all round 

 these shores, from the north of the Baltic in the east to north 

 of Bergen on the west. 



Spawns principally about Michaelmas. The most are 

 taken off the Norwegian coast in October. It is of this fish 

 that the far-famed Norwegian anchovies are made. Accord- 

 ing to Sundevall, they spawn off the Stockholm coast in 

 July. 



114. CLUPEA PILCHAEDUS, Bl. Sardin (eller) Pilchard. The 



Pilchard. 



No teeth, as in the herring or sprat ; dorsal exactly 

 in the centre of gravity, with the ventrals placed under 

 its middle ; two oblong patches of scales on the sides 

 of the tail fin; anal fin with 18 rays; keel of the 

 abdomen not so sharp as in the herring, which in general 

 appearance it much resembles, but the body is thicker 

 and rounder; length 9 to 10 in.; scales very large, 

 7 to 8 in one transverse row. 



