556 TEN YEAES IN SWEDEN. 



lengthened; scales in all, except about three genera, soft, 

 small, and weak ; mouth large, full of sharp teeth ; gill 

 openings large, with seven rays. 



Are all (with the exception of the burbot) sea-fish, and 

 usually live in shoals. 



COD-FISH. 



1. Yentrals placed in front of the pectorals. 

 A. Three dorsal and two anal fins. 



Gen. GaduSj L. 



Crista sagittalis upright and single; three dorsal and 

 two anal fins, covered with small scales ; caudal distinct. 



a. Upper jaw projecting. 

 (1). With one barbule under the chin. 



117. GADUS MOERHUA, L. (old fish) ; G. CALLAEIAS, L. (younger 



fish). Torsk. The Common Cod. D. F. 

 The northern cod differ so much in colour, that on these 

 coasts we have four different forms, all known to the fisher- 

 men by different names 



1. Gra Torsk (Grey Cod). This is the most common. 

 Colour white-grey or grey. 



2. Gras Torsk (Grass Cod). Greenish or olive-coloured. 



3. Berg Torsk (Rock Cod). Reddish, with red fins. 



4. Svart Torsk (Black Cod). Black or blackish. 

 In ah 1 , however, the lateral line is white. 



Mr. Couch inclines to the opinion that G. callarias, 

 L., is a distinct species, and figures it as ' ' The Dorse." 

 D. 13 + 18 + 19; A. 19+17. 



This is the commonest of the genus, and is met with on 

 all the Scandinavian coasts. On the southern coast they 

 spawn about April. The cod here runs to a large size, 2 to 

 4 ft. ; body patched and spotted all over with minute dark 

 spots; anal opening under the front edge of the middle 

 dorsal ; eyes much smaller than the distance between them 

 and the tip of the nose. 



