68 TEST ACE A ATLANTIC A. 



Latinea, Paiva, lapicida, Linn., echinoderma, Woll., vermeti- 

 formis, Lowe, and the Pupa linearis, Lowe, and Wollastoni, 

 Paiva, which, in like manner are found only subfossilized, 

 the resulting 12 embody all the forms, regarded by me as truly 

 specific ones, which (so far as our present information would 

 imply) are presumably extinct ; but as the seven, last men- 

 tioned, are, with the exception of the Helix lapicida and the 

 Pupa linearis, more doubtfully separated from their imme- 

 diate allies than is the case with the preceding five, I do not 

 consider it worth while to direct any further attention to them 

 than what has already been done in their respective places in 

 the systematic list. Suffice it just to recal that the Helix 

 chrysomela, Pfeiff., is most closely related to the erubescens, 

 the H. Latinea, Paiva, to the depauperata, the H. echino- 

 derma, Woll., to the echinulata, the H. vermetiformis, Lowe, 

 to the tumcula, and the Pupa Wollastoni, Paiva, to the 

 P. sphinctostoma ; whilst the Pupa linearis, Lowe, is re- 

 garded by Mr. Watson (vide 'Journ. de Conch.' 223; 1876), 

 though I cannot quite agree with him in this conclusion, as 

 absolutely identical with the European _P. minutissima of 

 Ferussac. 



In the general Madeiran catalogue, which is given at the 

 close of this section, I have (as in the case of the lists pertain- 

 ing to the other archipelagos) appended an asterisk (*) to such 

 species as have been found also subfossilized ; and in those 

 instances in which the species have occurred only in a sub- 

 fossilized condition (under which circumstances they must be 

 looked upon, until proved to the contrary, as extinct) the 

 names have been printed likewise in italics. 



Sectio I. INOPERCULATA. 



Fam 1. LIMACID.E. 

 Grenus 1. ARION, Ferussac. 



Arion ater. 



Limax ater, Linn., Syst. Nat. (ed. 12) 1081 (1767) 

 Arion empiricomm, var. 1, Fer., Tabl. Syst. 17 (1821) 

 a. et /3., Lowe, Cambr. Phil. S. Trans. 



iv. 39 (1831) 



ater, Id., Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud. 162 (1854) 

 empiricomm, Alb., Mai. Mad. 11 (1854) 



