142 TEST ACE A ATLANTIC A. 



such circumstances it may be met with in nearly all the ravines, 

 both in the north and south of the island; and, within what 

 may be called the Funchal district, it is frequently common in 

 the Eibeira de Sta. Luzia, as well as above the Mount, at the 

 Curral dos Romeiros, and x elsewhere. 



Like its immediate allies, the H. arridens (which is about 

 2-i- lines across the broadest part) is rounded, but depressed and 

 sublenticular ; and it is also thin and subpellucid in substance, 

 of a pale yellowish horny-brown, and only obscurely streaked 

 (sometimes indeed not so at all) with irregular transverse mark- 

 ings, and with its surface opake, but clothed (when the speci- 

 mens are fresh and unrubbed) with pointed, but curved, 

 subtriangular, somewhat hook-shaped, hair-like laciniae. Its 

 basal volution is appreciably keeled ; and its aperture is much 

 flattened, or narrow and horizontal, the lower lip (the expanded 

 lamella of which more than half conceals the umbilical perfo- 

 ration) being produced in a comparatively straight, subhori- 

 zontal line, from the axis. The upper and lower lips are wide 

 apart at their insertion, but joined by a thin corneous plate 

 across the body-volution ; and the aperture is free from internal 

 teeth or callosities. 



Helix capsella. 



Helix capsella, Lowe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 181 (1854) 

 Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 30 (1867) 



Habitat Maderam ; in apertis editioribus (ultra sylvaticis), 

 sub lapidibus, minus frequens. 



This is one of the most obscure, and least satisfactorily de- 

 nned, of the Madeiran Helices ; and had it not been already 

 established by Mr. Lowe, I am not certain that I should have 

 ventured to treat it as more than a permanent variety of the 

 H. arridens. And yet it certainly will not altogether quadrate 

 with that species, either in configuration or habits ; and it is 

 about equally removed also from the H. fausta, with which in 

 general colouring and contour it has much in common. Indeed 

 it may perhaps be said to be about intermediate, in its features, 

 between the arridens and the fausta; though partaking rather 

 more, I think, of the characters of the former than of those 

 of the latter. 



In mere size, as well as in its nearly closed-over umbilical 

 perforation, the H. capsella does not differ materially from the 

 arridens ; nevertheless it is a little less depressed than that species 

 (it being a trifle more convex both above and below), its keel is 

 not quite so pronounced, the upper and lower lips of its peri- 

 stome (the latter of which is not quite so straightly, and horizon- 

 tally, produced from the axis) are less evidently joined by a thin 



