MADEIRAN GROUP. 213 



( Scarabclla, Lowe.) 



Pupa cassida. 



Helix cassida, Lowe, Cambr. Phil. S. Trans, iv. 64 (1831) 

 Pupa cassida, Pfeiff., Mon. Hel. ii. 344 (1848) 



Lowe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 212 (1854) 

 Alb., Mai. Mad. 68. t. 16. f. 7, 8 (1854) 

 Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 135 (1867) 



Habitat Maderam ; in humidis editioribus sylvaticis rarissime 

 degens. Semifossilis juxta Canipal abundat. 



The comparatively large size of this magnificent Pupa, 

 added to its very solid substance and obese, ovoid form (it being 

 inflated in the middle and acute both before and behind), its 

 flattened, strongly sulcate-striated volutions (which are normally 

 of a reddish-brown, but prettily marked with irregular whitish 

 longitudinal dashes or subconfluent streaks), and the seven thick 

 but unequally developed plaits of its broadly and whitely mar- 

 gined corneous auriform aperture, will abundantly distinguish it 

 from everything else with which we have here to do. 



Until within a comparatively recent period the P. cassida, 

 although abounding in the subfossiliferous beds at Canipal, 

 was considered of the utmost rarity as a member of the 

 present fauna ; but it was nevertheless met with in tolerable 

 profusion by myself and the late Eev. W. J. Armitage, during 

 March 1849, at the extreme head of the Eibeira de Sta. Luzia, 

 in the south of Madeira proper (in the exact spot where the 

 original and then unique example was taken by Mr. Lowe, on 

 April 13th, 1830), namely, amongst vegetable detritus, on the 

 steep buttress, or bank, immediately to the right of the water- 

 fall, and which constitutes the base of the lofty perpendicular 

 rocks ; and it has subsequently been obtained by Mr. Leacock, 

 the Eev. E. B. Watson, and others, in the same locality. It 

 occurs however likewise in the north of the island, having been 

 taken by the late Mr. Bewicke in the Eibeira de Sao Jorge ; so 

 that in all probability it will be found to be pretty generally 

 distributed in the damp sylvan ravines of intermediate altitudes. 



( Zdostyla, Lowe.) 



Pupa cheilogona. 



Helix cheilogona, Lowe, Cambr. Phil. S. Trans, iv. 63 



(1831) 

 Pupa cheilogona Pfr., Mon. Hel. ii. 327 (1 848) 



Lowe, Proc. Zool. Hoc. Lond. 208 (1854) 



Alb., Mai. Mad 63. t. 15. f. 23, 24 (1854) 

 Paiva. Mon. Moll. Mad. 122 ( 1867) 



