380 THE NOSE OR ORGAN OF SMELL. 



ment. The bones are the ossa-nasi, and nasal processes of 

 the superior maxillary bones, which have been already de- 

 scribed among the 

 passive organs of the 

 head. The muscles 

 are the pyramidalis 

 nasij compressor nasi, 

 levator labii superior- 

 is alceque nasi, and 

 depressor labii supe- 

 rioris alceque nasi. 

 These also have been 

 described under the 

 head of organs of expression and prehension. 



The cartilages constitute an important division of the ex- 

 ternal portion of the nose, and are five in number, one central, 

 two lateral, and two alar. The central, median or septal car- 

 tilage, separates the nostrils, is of a triangular form, and is 

 connected above with the nasal bones and lateral cartila- 

 ges, below with the palate processes of the superior maxil- 

 lary bones, and posteriorly with the vomer and gethmoid 

 septum. It is flexible, elastic, and has considerable strength. 

 Its anterior border is thick and rounded, and though 

 generally vertical, it occasionally projects to the one side, 

 being concave on the opposite. 



The lateral, or fibro-cartilages, are connected superiorly 

 and externally with the inferior edge of the nasal bones, 

 and anterior margin of the nasal process of the superior 

 maxillary ; in front with the nasal septum, and below with 

 the alar cartilages. 



The alar cartilages occupy the anterior part of the nasal 

 openings, and are so curved as to form the rim, or boun- 



FIG. 110 represents the first pair or olfactory nerves, a Frontal sinus. 

 6 Sphenoidal sinus, c Hard palate, d Olfactory bulb, e Branches of olfac- 

 tory on the superior and middle turbinated bones. / Spheno palatine nerves 

 from the second division of the fifth, g Internal nasal nerve from the first di- 

 vision of the fifth, h Branches of g to the Schneiderian membrane, i Ganglion 

 of Cloquet. j Anastomosis of branches of the fifth or lower turbinated bone. 



