MUSCLES OP THE SHOULDER. 709 



The palmar pursue a similar course with the dorsal, but 

 are not so strong. 



The metacarpal bones have also strong lateral connec- 

 tions by transverse ligaments where their surfaces come in 

 contact. The synovial membrane is a prolongation from 

 that of the carpus. 



The phalangeal extremity of the metacarpal bones form 

 the metacarpo-phalangeal articulation, and include : 1. An- 

 terior ligaments, or capsular ; 2. Lateral ligaments. 



The anterior ligaments are flat fibro-cartilaginous bands, 

 which run transversely and connect the sides of the heads 

 of the metacarpal bones. 



The lateral ligaments are thickenings of the capsular 

 laterally, and extend from the sides of the metacarpal 

 bones, and descend as strong, short cords to be attached to 

 the sides of the upper ends of the first phalanges. A 

 synovial membrane belongs to this articulation. 



LIGAMENTS OF THE PHALANGES OR FINGERS, (Fig. 223.) 



Each finger has one anterior ligament and two lateral 

 ligaments. 



The anterior ligament corresponds precisely to the meta- 

 carpo-phalangeal, just described ; and the lateral go from 

 phalanx to phalanx on each side. There is also the usual 

 synovial membrane. 



CHAPTEK II. 



ACTIVE ORGANS OF THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITIES. 

 SECTION I. 



MUSCLES OF THE SUPERIOR EXTREMITY. 



THESE muscles are arranged into those of the shoulder, 

 arm, forearm, and hand. 



MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER. 



These comprise the deltoid, supra-spinatus , infra-spinor 

 tus, teres-minor, teres-major, and sub-scapularis. 



