x Elementary Biology. 



CHAPTER PAGE 



IV. THE MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE SIMPLEST 



LIVING ORGANISMS PROTISTA . . . . 55 



SECTION i. Protista Protamaba . , . -55 

 ,, ii. Protista Protomyxa . . S7 



,, iii. The relation of unicellular to multicellu- 



lar organisms , . . .62 



V, UNICELLULAR PLANTS PROTOPHYTA Protococcus . 69 

 VI. UNICELLULAR ANIMALS PROTOZOA Amoeba . . 73 



VII. METAPHYTA NON-VASCULARIA 76 



SECTION i. Fresh-water &%&- Spirogyrd . . 76 



,, ii. Salt-water Algae Fucus . . . 83 



,, iii. Fungi Penicillium . . . . 91 



,, iv. Musci Polytrichum , . . . 101 



VIII. METAPHYTA VASCULARIA . . . ; . .113 



SECTION i. Filices Pteris 113 



,, ii. Ligulatae Selaginella , . -131 



,, iii. Monocotylcdones Lilium . . . 143 



,, iv. Dicotyledones Ranunculus . .178 



General physiology of plants . . . 189 



Carnivorous plants . . . .213 



IX. METAZOA INVERTEBRATA 219 



SECTION i. Hydrozoa Obelia . . . .219 

 ,, ii. Vermes Lurnbrictts . . . . 233 



X. METAZOA VERTEBRATA 251 



SECTION i. Cephalochorda Atnphioxiis . . . 251 

 ii. Amphibia Rana .... 263 



,, iii. General physiology of animals . . 335 



XI. HISTORY OF BIOLOGY . 345 



