54 HERRE 



appearing, the ripe spores then forming with the paraphyses a protub- 

 erant, powdery mass, the " mazaedium, " which remains a long time; 

 spores 8, colorless or dark, globose and simple, or septate and ellipsoid 

 or elongate. 



KEY TO FAMILIES. 



A. Thallus crustaceous, without cortex. 



B. Apothecia on a stalk or stipe, with a proper margin. .Caliciacece 

 BB. Apothecia sessile, with a proper or a thalline margin. 



Cypheliaceae 



A A. Thallus fruticose, with a cortex; apothecia sessile. .Spharophoracea 



CALICIACE^E. 



Thallus crustaceous, with Proto-, Pleuro-, and Stichococcus alg^e, 

 Apothecia usually a circular or globose head lifted on a slender stipe, 

 which is rarely branched or with more than one head. 



KEY TO GENERA. 



A. Apothecia urn-like, on a very short thick stipe, practically sessile. 



IX. Sphinctrina 

 AA. Apothecia on a long stipe.. 



B. Spores globose, simple VII. Coniocybe 



BB. Spores septate. 



C. Spores bilocular; disk broad VI. Calicium 



CC. Spores 4-8 locular; disk very narrow or dot-like. 



VIILStenocybe 



VI. Calicium (Pers.) DeNotrs. 



Calicium Persoon. 



Calicium DeNotaris, Giorn. Bot. Ital. an. 2, pi. i. 309. 1847. 



Thallus crustaceous, thin to obsolete, warty, or of dustlike or mealy 

 granules. Apothecia stalked, with a circular or topshaped head, with 

 a flat or convex disk; proper margin black or pruinose; spores bilocular 

 or sometimes with an indistinct septum and apparently one-celled, 

 constricted at the middle, smoky to blackish brown. 



Occurring in all parts of the world on dead or rotting wood, on 

 bark, and also on rocks. 



i. CALICIUM POPULNEUM De Brond. 

 Calicium populneum De Brond. in Duby, Bot. Gall. 2 : 638. 1830. 

 Thallus white or grayish white, thin, uniform, effuse; KOH yellow; 

 CaCLA-- 



