60 HERRE 



Apothecia numerous, small, innate, in swollen warts, the disk plane, 

 black, the narrow, entire margin soon excluded; paraphyses short, 

 slender, entangled; I; spores bilocular, broad ellipsoid to sub- 

 9* ~ 14.8 



Abundant on old fences and rails in the Bay and coast regions and 

 in the foothills. Found on dry dead wood and bark of conifers 

 throughout Europe and North America. 



(tigillare, pertaining to beams, because found growing on old beams.) 



3. CYPHELIUM INQUINANS (Sm.) Trevis. 



Lichen inquinans Smith, Engl. Bot. 12: t. 810. 1801. 



Cyphelium inquinans Trevis, Flora, 4. 1862. 



Calicium tympanellum Ach. Meth. Lich. 89. 1803. 



Acolium tympanellum Tuck. Gen. Lich. 238. 1872. 



Acolium tympanellum Cummings, Seymour, and Williams, Decades 



of N. Amer. Lichens, no. 234, Yosemite. 



Thallus effuse, of white or whitish granules or irregular warty 

 nodules, forming a more or less continuous crust of moderate thickness, 

 or thin and dispersed, or nearly disappearing; KOH ; CaCl 2 O 2 . 



Apothecia small or of moderate size, numerous, sessile but not 

 appressed and often sub-stipitate, plane, black; the disk naked or 

 often gray or whitish pruinose; the entire margin black, or white 

 pruinose, at length concealed by the protruding sporal mass which 

 stains the fingers; paraphyses slender, simple or branched and twin- 

 ing, 1^ to 2fj. broad; hypothecium a broad straight brown-black band; 



6 - 74 

 asci cylindrical, - - /*; thecium more or less light blue with I; 



35 ~~ 49 

 spores broadly ellipsoid or oblong, bilocular, often constricted at the 



9t ~~ J 4 

 middle, - - ; spores of a specimen from H. Sandstede, 



I2 22 



16 



Oldenberg, Germany, are -- /* 



28 



On the bark of Pseudotsuga taxifolia, Devils Canon, alt. 2300 feet. 

 In North America found only in California, but occurring in Algiers 

 and throughout Europe. 



(inquinans, filthy.) 



