100 HERRE 



On bark of Pinus radiata near Stanford University, at an altitude 

 of 200 feet. Given by Tuck, as collected by Bolander on the bark of 

 Pinus insignis, coast of California. The Monterey pine, Pinus 

 radiata (Pinus insignis) occurs wild only about Monterey and on the 

 southwestern coast of the Santa Cruz peninsula. Bolander's speci- 

 mens were undoubtedly collected on the coast between Pescadero 

 and Santa Cruz, a locality where he collected a number of lichens. 



XXII. Toninia (Mass.) Th. Fr. 



Toninia Mass. Ric. sul. Aut. Lich. Crost. 107. 1852. 

 Toninia Th. Fries, Gen. Heterol. Europ. 80. 1861. 



Thallus crustaceous-squamulose to sub-foliaceous, swollen or 

 inflated and sub-pedicellate, marginally lobed; without true rhizoids; 

 upper side with a firm cortex. 



Apothecia circular, sessile, the proper margin variously colored, 

 horny, of radiately arranged, thickened hyphae; paraphyses simple, 

 free or confluent, often capitate; hypothecium clear or dark; spores 

 8, elongate or ellipsoid, 2 to 8-locular, without halo. 



About 80 species, on rocks and earth, mostly xerophytes of the cool 

 temperate and alpine regions. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



A . Spores bilocular. 



B. Thallus compact crustaceous; usually white pruinose; with KOH 



dusky brown i. caruleo-nigricans 



BB. Thallus scattered; not pruinose 5. massata 



A A. Spores 4-plurilocular. 



C. Thallus of livid brown and blackening squamules, slightly reddish 



with* KOH 2. squalida 



CC. Thallus not affected by KOH. 



D. Thallus tawny brown, extending downward in stout brownish 



stems 3. caulescens 



DD. Thallus of minute squamules forming a dark greenish black or 

 dusky gray crust 4. aromatica 



i. TONINIA OERULEO-NIGRICANS (Lightf.) Th. Fr. 



Lichen caruleo-nigricans Lightf oot, Flora Scot. 805. 1777. 

 Toninia c&ruleo-nigricans Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. 2: 336. 1874. 

 Lecidea caruleo-nigricans Tuck. Syn. N. Am. Lich. II: 61. 1888. 

 Thallus indeterminate, of thick, gyrosely plicate, turgid, medium 

 sized or small squamules crowded into a compact crust, appressed, 



