THE LICHEN FLORA OF THE SANTA CRUZ PENINSULA 215 



the higher mount.ains all over California and Oregon, generally fruit- 

 ing. 



(Named for General John C. Fremont, distinguished explorer of the 

 west.) 



LV. Ramalina Ach. 



Ramalina Ach. Lich. Univ. 122. 1810. 



Apothecia shield-like, scattered, marginal or terminal, sub-pedicel- 

 late, concolorous; paraphyses agglutinated, simple; spores 8, oblong, 

 ellipsoid, or spindle-shaped, colorless, bilocular, or rarely 4-locular. 



Thallus fruticose, tufted, erect or pendulous, terete or more often 

 compressed, alike on both sides; cortex usually strengthened on the 

 inner side by a layer of hyphae parellel to its long axis, forming a con- 

 tinuous ring or broken into isolated, longitudinal girders; medulla 

 cottony, filling the inner part of the thallus, or else very small, lying 

 in the space between the mechanical stiffening and the cortex, or 

 attached to the inner side of the latter, so that the centre of the thal- 

 lus is hollow. Soredia not rare. 



A large genus, widely distributed, mostly growing on rocks and 

 bark. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



A. Habitat, maritime rocks. 

 B. Thallus terete, smooth or wrinkled. 



C. Sparingly branched, blackening at base; apothecia 



lateral i. ceruchis 



CC. Thallus much shorter, simple, not blackening ; apothe- 

 cia terminal 3. combeoides 



BB. Thallus compressed, two-edged 4. homalea 



A A. Habitat, trees, shrubs, fences. 

 D. Thallus with conspicuous soredia. 

 E. Apothecia absent; thallus terete, thread-like, with 



large bluish soredia 2. ceruchis cephalota 



EE. Apothecia rare, inconspicuous; thallus flattened, 

 two-edged or linear, with many white powdery 



soredia 7. farinacea 



DD. Thallus not sorediate. 



F. Thallus a lace-like net-work, very long, pendu- 

 lous, much branched and tangled 5. reticulata 



FF. Thallus tufted, medium sized, or small, erect or 



pendulous, little-branched 6. menziesii 



G. Thallus small to very small, erect, terete or 



flattened, branched, the tips filiform... 10. rigida 

 GG. Branches not terete, their tips not filiform. 



