278 



APETALOUS OKDEKS. 



Fig. 202. 



a. Properties: the juice is gen- 

 erally acrid and stimulating. 



Genera. — Periploca, Podostigma, 

 Acerates, Ensleuia, Asclepias, Go- 

 aolobus, Hoya, 



Fig. 202, a, flower of Asclepias 

 nivca ; b, the same cut vertically ; 

 c, calyx ; d, corolla ; c e, coronal ap- 

 pendages ; s s, stamens ; o, ovary. 

 Pollen masses m ; p, pollen grains 

 with tubes beginning to escape 

 from their masses ; /, fruit at the 

 period of dehiscence ; g, one of the 

 comose seeds separated. 



499. jASinNACE^, the 

 Jessamine Tribe. — Shriibs^ 

 often with twining stems. 

 Leaves opposite, or alter- 

 nate, mostly compound. Floivers fragrant. Calyx with 5 to 8 

 divisions or teeth, persistent. Corolla regular, hjpocrateri- 

 form, twisted, or valvate, in aestivation. Stamens 2, inserted 

 on the corolla, included within the tube. Ovarij 2-celled; 

 ovules 1-4 in each cell. Fruit a double berry or capsule. 

 Seeds erect, with little or no albumen ; embryo straight. 



a. Properties : flowers fragrant, the leaves and roots sometmies bitter ; cultivated 

 for ornament. 



Genera. — Jasminum, Nyctanthes. 



500. Oleaceje, the Olive Tribe. — Trees or shrubs. Leaves 

 opposite, simple, or pinnate. Calyx persistent. Corolla 4- 

 cleft, or of 4 petals connected in pairs by the filaments, some- 

 times wanting ; valvate in aestivation. Stamens 2, alternate 

 with the segments of the corolla. Ovary simple, 2-celled; 

 ovules pendulous, 2 in each cell. Fruit drupaceous, baccate, 

 or capsular. Seeds albuminous ; emhryo straight. 



a. Properties : bitter, tonic, and astringent. Some plants of this order yield a 

 fixed oil. 



Genera. — 1. Ole^ — Fruit a di'upe or berry: Chionanthus, Olea, Ligustrum. 

 2. Fraxin^ — Fruit samaroid : Fraxinus, Oraus, Syriuga. 



601. 

 climbing shrubs. 



APETALOUS ORDERS. 



Aristolochiace^, the Birthwort Trihe. — Herbs or 

 Leaves alternate. Flowers brown or some 

 dull color, usually solitary. Calyx adherent, tubular, 3-cleft, 

 regular or irregular. Stamens 6-12, distinct, or adhering to the 

 style. Ovary 3-6-celled. Fruit a capsule or berry. Seeds 

 numerous ; embryo minute at the base of fleshy albumen. 



a. Properties : tonic and stimulating. 

 Genera. — Asarum, Aristolochia. 



502. Phytolaccaceje, the PoTte-weed Tribe. — TJndershruhs or 



