NATURAL ORDERS. 



293 



Fig. 214. 



filaments. Ovary single, 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentae, or 

 3-celled. Frxdt a capsule. Seeds numerous ; embryo on the 

 outside of mealy albumen. 



Genus. — Xyris. 



557. Ekiocaulonaci.-i^, tlie Pipe-wort Tribe. — Swampy or 

 aquatic lierhs. Leaves linear, cellular, or fleshy. Floioers mo- 

 ncBcious or dioecious, very minute, spiked or capitate. Perianth 

 glumaceous. Stamens definite, when 2 or 3 in number opposite 

 the inner glumes. Ovary 3 or 2 celled ; ovules solitary. Fruit 

 a capsule. Seed solitary, pendulous ; embryo lenticular, out 

 side of mealy albumen. 



Genus. — Eriocaulon. 



558. Cyperace^, the Sedge 

 Tribe. — Grass-like herbs with 

 solid stems, and usually fibrous 

 roots. Leaves narrow or taper, 

 and the sheaths entire, (not 

 slit). Perianth none, or of a few 

 bristles. Stamens usually 3, hy- 

 pogynous. Ovary 1-celled ; styles 

 2 or 3, more or less united. 

 Fruit an achenium ; embryo 

 lenticular, inclosed in farina- 

 ceous albumen. 



Genera. — 1. Carice — Carex. 2. Scle- 

 EE.E — Seleria. 3. Ruyxchospore.e — Rliyn- 

 chospora, Schienus. 4. Scirpe.e — Scirpus. 5. Cypere^e — Cyperus, Kyllingia. 



Fig. 214, Scirpus lacustris : a, a flower surrounded with bristles; b, a seed ; c, a 

 section of a seed showing the embryo. 



559. GRAMixACEiE, the Grass Tribe. — Llerbaceous plants with 

 cylindrical, hollow, and jointed stems, called culms. Boots 

 fibrous and capillary. Leaves narrow, alternate, with the sheath 

 split. Floioers consisting of imbricated bracts, of which the 

 exterior are called glumes j those that immediately inclose each 

 ^ow Qv ^ palecB. Glumes u^wvXlj 2, alternate. Palece 2, alternate. 

 Stamens commonly 3 ; anthers versatile. Ovctry simple ; styles 

 2 or 3 ; stigmas feathery or hairy. Fruit a caryopsis ; embryo 

 small, attached to a farinaceous albumen. 



a. Properties : valuable as food for men and animals. 



Genera. — 1. Oryze.e — Leersia, Oryza, Hydrochloa, Zizania. 2. Phalare.e — Zea 

 Coix. Alopecurus, Plileum, Phalaris, Holcus. 3. Panice/e— Paspalum, Millium, Paul 

 cum, Penuisetum. 4. Stipe.e — Oryzopsis, Stipa, Aristida. 5. Agroste.-e— ^Muhlen- 

 bergia, Agrostis. 6. AruxdinevE — Arundo, Phragmites. 7. Avene.e — Anthoxan- 

 thum, Aira, Avena, Dantlionia. 8. Festuce/e — Sesleria, Poa, Briza, Koeleria, Melica, 

 Dactylic, Festuca, Bromus. 9. Horde.e — Lolium, Triticuni, Secale, Elymus, Hor- 

 deum. 10. PiOtbcelle^ — Nardus, Rotbollia, Tripsacum. 11. Andropogone.e — Sac- 

 charum, Eriantlius, Sorghum, Andropogon, Moiiocera, Mugia. 



