EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV. 



Fig. 1. Carica papaya. Papaw-tree, (Family unknown.)* The name carica ia 

 from Caria, wiiere the tree was rtrst cultivated. Dioecious. 20 feet high. It is a native 

 of the East and West hidies and Guinea— Fig. 1. A fertile plant. Trunk very sim|)le, 

 vertical, cvlindric, marked with cicatrices produced by the fall of leaves. Leaves ter- 

 minal, large, seven-lobed, petioled. Petioles two or three feet long. Flowers grow a< 

 the base of the petioles. Berries large, furrowed, depressed in the centre. The green 

 fruit is eaten by the Indians in the same manner as we use the turnip. The buds aie 

 used for sweetmeats. The ripe fruit is eaten for a dessert, like melons. 



P'ig. 2. Crescentia cujete. Calabash-tree. A tree 16 feet in height ; native of 

 South America and the West Indies. Trunk thick. Branches horizontal or rettexed. 

 Leaves fasciculate, obovate, cruciform, fascicles alternate. Flowers rameus, sometimes 

 cauline, solitary. Calyx campanulate, bi-Iobed. Corolla large, sub-campanulate. 

 Berries large, resembling the pumi)kin in figure ; the epicarp cortical, like tliat of the 

 gourd. 



Fig. 3. Vanilla aromatica. (Family of the OrchidecB.) This plant is sometimes 

 called Epidendron vanilla, the generic name being derived from epi, upon, and deii- 

 dron, a tree, because the iilant grows parasitically on the trunks and branches of trees. 

 It is perennial, climbing, parasitic ; a native of 8outh America. iStems cylindric ; flow- 

 ers ramose, producing roots at every joint, which fasten themselves to the bark of trees. 

 Leaves alternate, oval, oblong, acute, thick. Flowers in terminal spikes, which are lax 

 and pendent. Perianth simple, six-lobed. Capsule fusiform, containing small black 

 seeds which have an aromatic taste and fragrant smell ; they are used as perfumes. 

 This plant belon<is to Gynandria Monandria. 



Fig. 4. Nei'enthes disiillaloria. (Family unkno\Nm.)t A perennial plant of the 

 Indies. Stem simi)le, with leaves towards the base. Leaves alternate, large, oval, lan- 

 ceolate, contracting at the base into petioles which are semi-amplexicaulis, and termi- 

 nated at the summit by a tendril which supports an ascidium; lliis is cylindric, and 

 furnished with an operculum which opens and shuts according to the state of tiie at- 

 mos[)here. Flowers terminal, panicled. 



Fig. 5. SexMpervivum tectorum. House-leek tribe.l The generic name is derived 

 from the Latin, semper, always, vivire, to live, and the specific name from tectum, 

 house. This is a perennial, herbaceous plant, which grows to the height of sixteen 

 inches. The stem is simple, vertical, foliated. Leaves succulent, oblong, alternate ; 

 radical leaves cordate. Flowers in close panicles. Polyantlria Polygynia. 



Fig. 6. ^\^ic\5siitalicum. (Family of the Grasses.) An herbaceous, annual plant, 

 two feet in height, a native of India. Culm erect. Leaves eloijgate, lanceolate, sheath- 

 ing. Spike elongated, compounded of numerous spikelets. 



Fig- 7. Clathrus cancellatus. Mushroom. (Family of the Fungi.) A, young 



Elant enclo.sed in its volva. B, another more advanced ; a, volva ruptured ; h, peridium 

 egiuning to appear. C, a plant entirely developed. The peridium is globular and 

 cancellated. 



* Lindley forms of this a distinct family, called Papavacea. He considers it ns allied to the Passioti- 

 flower tribe, in its fruit ; and to the Fig tribe, in the separation of stamens and. pistils, and in its milky 

 juice, which resembles that found in some species of Ficus. 



t Formed by Liiidley into a new family, JsTepent/iete. 

 Belonging to the Crassulaceae of Lindley ; allied to the Cacti and Euphorbia?. 



