38 



CLASS V. ORDER I. 



superior, minute, angular, 4-cleft; corolla 

 funnel-form; receptacle globular, hairy; 

 capsule 2 to 4-celled ; seed eolitar}', oblong, 

 (button-bush.) 



D ip"sACUS. Flowers in an ovate or round- 

 ish head ; common calyx polyphillous, folia- 

 ceous, proper calyx monophyllous, supe- 

 rior; corolla tubular, 4-cleft; seed solitary; 

 receptacle conic, chaffy, (teasel.) 



Ga'lium. Calyx 4-toothed ; corolla flat, 

 4-cleft ; fruit dry ; seeds 2, roundLsh ; leaves 

 stellate, (bedstraw.) 



Ru'bia. Calyx small, 4-toothed, supe 

 rior ; corolla bell-form ; filaments shorter 

 than the corolla ; fruit pulpy, (madder.) 



ScABio'SA. Involucre many-leaved ; calyx 

 double, superior ; corolla tubular ; filaments 

 longer than the limb of the corolla; seed 

 naked, crowned by the calyx. 



Dio'dia. Calyx with the tube ovate, 2 or 

 4-toothc'd ; corolla funnel form, 4-lobed ; cap- 

 sule ovate, 2-celled. 



Hedyo'tis. Calyx 4-toothed; corolla tu- 

 bular, bearded at the throat, 4parted ; cap- 

 sule ovate, 2celled, many-seeded. 



Housto'nia. Calyx 4 toothed; corolla 

 salver form, 4-cleft; capsule 2-celled, many- 

 seeded, opening transversely, (innocence.) 



Spekmaco'ck. Corolla funnel-form, 4-cleft; 

 cap.gule 2 celled ; seeds 2, 2-toothed. S. 



Mitch el"la. Calyx 4 toothed ; corollas 2 

 on each germ, funnel-form, tube cylindric, 

 limb 4-parted, spreading, villose on the in- 

 side ; stamens scarcely exsert, stigma 4-cleft; 

 berry double, 4-.seeded. (partridge-berry.) 



Li.vn.e'a. Calyx double, that of the fruit 

 2-leaved, inferior, that of the stigma glo- 

 bose; berry 3-celled, dry. (twin-flower.) 



Cor"nus. Calyx 4-toothed; drupe with a 

 2-celled nut. Some species have a 4-leaved 

 involucrum. (dogwood, false box.) 

 . Ludwig"ia. Calyx 4-parted, persistent; 

 corolla sometimes 3 ; capsule quadrangular, 

 4-celled, inferior, many-.seeded. 



Eleag"nus. Calyx 4-cleft. bell-form, col- 

 ored within ; anthers sub-sessile ; style short ; 

 drape l-seeded, marked with 8 furrows. S. 



Pot.ypke'mum. Calyx 4-parted ; corolla 

 4 cleft, wheel-form, bearded at the orifice, 

 stamens included ; capsule compressed, 2- 

 celled, many-seeded. S. 



B. Fltnoers inferior. 



Plant a'go. Calyx -l cleft; corolla 4-cleft, 

 reflex; capsule 2-celled, opening trans- 

 versely ; stamens exsert, very long, (plan- 

 tain, ribwort.) 



Centaukei/'i.a. Calyx 4-parted; corol- 

 la sub-campanulate, segments somewhat 

 erect ; stigma thick ; capsule 1-celled, 2- 

 valved, many seeded, surrounded by the 

 persistent calyx and corolla. 



Ex"acum. Calyx deeply 4parted ; corol- 

 la 4-cleft, tube globo.se; capsule bisulcate, 

 ^-celled, many-seeded. 



Swer"ti.\. Calyx flat, 4 or 5-parted ; corol- 

 la 4 or .^-parted, tube short, border spread- 

 ing; with 2 pores at the base of each ; style 

 short ; stigma 2 ; capsule 1-celled, 2-valved. 



Frase'ra. Calyx deeply 4-parted ; co- 

 rolla 4-parted, spreading; segments oval, 

 with a bearded orbicular glanil in the mid- 



dle of each; capsule compressed, partly 

 emarginate, 1-celled ; seeds few, large, im- 

 briciito, with a membranou.? margin. 



A.m.mamn"ia. Calyx bell-tubular, plaited, 

 8-toothed ; petals 4 or none, on the calyx ; 

 capsule 4-celled, many-seeded (.sometimes 

 2-celled and 8-stamened). (tooth cup.) 



Pte'lea. Calj-x 4-parted; petals 4, 

 spreading; stigmas 2 ; samara compressed, 

 orbicular, 2-celled, 2-seeded. 



Ly'cium. Corolla tubular, having the 

 throat closed by the beards of the fila- 

 ments ; stamens often 5 ; berry 2-celled, 

 many seeded, (matrimony.) 



Krame'ria. Calyx none ; corolla 4 or 5- 

 petalled ; nectary 4-leaved ; anthers perfo- 

 rated ; drupe prickly. S. 



Cal"mcar"pa. Calyx 4-cleft; corolla 

 4-cleft ; berry 4-sceded. jS. 



Rivi'na. Corolla ; perianth 4-parted, 

 per.si.stent; stamens 4, 8, and 12; style 1 ; 

 berry l-seeded ; seeds lentiform, scabrous. 



Icto'des. General calyx a spatha ; spa- 

 dix simple, covered with flowers ; perianth 

 corolla-like, deeply 4-parted, pei'manent, 

 becoming thick and spongy ; style pyramid- 

 form, 4-sided ; stigma .simple, minute ; ber- 

 ries globo.se, 2-seeded, enclosed in the 

 spongy spadix receptacle, (skunk cabbage.) 



SA.\GUisoR"i5A. Calyx colored. 4-lobed, 

 with 2 scales at the base ; capsule 4-sided, 

 1 or 2 celled, (burnet saxifrage.) 



Alchemil''la. Calyx 8-cleft, segments 

 spreading, alternately smafler ; style lateral 

 from the base of the germ; fruit surrounded 

 by the calyx, (ladies' mantle.) 



order II. DIGYNIA. 



Hamame'lis. Involucrum 3-leaved ; peri- 

 anth 4-leaved or 4-cleft; petals 4, very long, 

 linear ; nut 2-celled, 2-horned. (witch ha- 

 zel.) Flowers in autumn, and perfects its 

 seed the following spring. ^ 



Apha'nes. Calj^x 2-cleft, alternate, seg- 

 ments minute ; petals none ; stamens mi- 

 nute ; styles 2 ; seeds 2, covered by the 

 converging calyx, one of them often abor- 

 tive ; stamens 1, 2, and 4. S. 



ORDER IV. TETRAGYNIA. 



I'lex. Calyx minute, 4 or 5-toothed ; 

 corolla 4-parted ; style , stigmas 4 ; berry 

 4-celled, cells l-seeded. (holly.) 



Nemopan"thes. Flowers abortively di- 

 oecious or polygamous ; calyx small, .scarce- 

 ly conspicuous ; petals 5, distinct, oblong- 

 linear, deciduous ; ovaiy hemispheric, style 

 none ; stigmas 3-4 sessile ; berry sub-glo- 

 bo.se, 3-4 celled. 



Kup"pia. Calyx ; corolla ; seeds 4. 

 pedicelled. 



Sagi'na. Calyx 4 or 5-parted ; petals 4 

 — 5, or none ; stamens 4 or 5 ; capsule 4 or 

 5-valved, 1-celled, many-seeded. 



Pota.moge'ton. Flowerson aspadix; cal- 

 yx and corolla ; nuts 4, l-seeded, sessile 

 CLASS V, PENTANDRIA. 



ORDER 1. MONOGYNIA. 



A. Florcers Y-petaUed, inferior ; seeds na- 

 ked in the bottom of the calyx. 



ROUGH-IEAVED PLANTS. 



Myoso'tis. Calyx half 5-cleft, or 5-cleft 

 corolla salver-form, curved, 5-cleft, yaulied. 



