66 



CLASS XXL ORDER 1. 



tillate flowers : spatba 1-leaved, l-flowered ; 

 calyx 3-]eaved ; corolla 3-petalled, with 6 

 glands between the petals ; germ inferior ; 

 styles 6, 2-cleft; capsule 6-cclled, many- 

 seeded. S. 



ORDER X. DECANDKIA. 



Gymnocla'dus. Staminate flowers : ca- 

 lyx tubular, 5- cleft ; petals S. Pistillate 

 iiowers : style 1 ; legume 1-celled, pulpy 

 within; seed roundish, large, and hard, 

 (coffee-bean.) 



Cak"ica. Staminnte flowers : calyx mi- 

 nute ; corolla fiinncl-forra, 5-cleft ; stamens 

 alternately shorter, enclosed in the tube of 

 the corolla. Pistillate flowers: calyx 5- 

 toothed ; petals .3 ; stigmas 5 ; berry cucum- 

 ber-form, grooved, 1-celied, many-seeded, 

 (false papaw-tree.) S. 



ORDER XII. POLYANDRIA. 



MENisrER"MUM. Staminate flowers : ca- 

 lyx 2-bracted, about G-leaved, caducous; 

 petals 69, glandular, minute, retuse ; sta- 

 mens 16-24 ; anthers adnate to the filaments, 

 4-lobed, 2-celled. Pistillate flo-svers: germs 

 and styles 3-6 ; drupes mostly solitary, 1- 

 eeeded ; nut lunate, compressed. 



Cy'cas. Staminate flowers : anient im- 

 bricated ; scales spatulate, single ; anthers 

 globose, sessile, on a scale. Pistillate flow- 

 ers : spadix compressed, 2-sided ; perianth 

 a scale. 



Za'mia. Ament a strobile. Staminate 

 flowers : scales obovate ; anthers globose, 

 sessile upon scales, opening by a fissure. 

 Pistillate flowers : scales peltate ; corolla 

 none ; germs 2 ; styles none ; berries 2, 1- 

 seeded. 



Datis"ca. Staminate flowers: calyx 5- 

 leaved ; corolla ; anthers sessile, about 15. 

 Pistillate flowers : calyx superior, 2-tooth- 

 ed ; styles 3 ; capsules 3-angled, 3-homed, 

 1-celled, many-seeded, (false hemp.) 



Thalic'^trum. See class 12 : 12. 



ORDER XV. MONODELPHIA. 



Junipe'rus. Staminate flowers; ament 

 ovate, whorled ; calyx a peltate scale ; an- 

 thers 4 to 8. Pistillate flowers : calyx 3- 

 parted ; petals 3 ; styles 3 ; beny 1 or 2- 

 seeded ; nut long, 1-ceUed, with balsamy 

 glands at the base, (red cedar.) 



Tax"us. Staminate flowers : calj'x con- 

 sists of 4 to 6 imbricate scales ; corolla ; 

 stamens 8 to 10 ; anthers peltate, 6 to 8 cleft. 

 Pistillate flowers : style ; receptacle succu- 

 lent ; nut or drupe fleshy, 1-seeded. (yew.) 



CLASS XXL CRYPTOGAMIA. 



ORDER I. FILICES. 



A. Capsule having an daatic rmg at right 

 angles with its opening. 



Polypo'dium. Capsules disposed in 

 round, scattered fruit-dots (or ."lusters of 

 capsules), on various parts of the lower sur- 

 face of the frond ; involucniixi 1. (poly pod.) 



Acros"tichum. Capsules numeroius, cov- 

 ering the lower surface of the Irond ; invo- 

 lucnim none. The fertile leaves differ in 



shape from the baiTcn. When old, the fruit 

 often covers the whole frond, (fork-fem.) 



Hypopel^tis. Fmlt-dots roundish, hav- 

 ing a cup-form involucre beneath, divided 

 into 5 or 6 irregular segments ; capsules all 

 se-ssile. 



Aspid"ium. Capsules in scattered, round- 

 ish fruit-dots, on various parts of the whole 

 lower surface of the frond ; involucrum a 

 kidncy-fomi, or round membrane, fastened 

 to the frond in or near the centre of the fruit- 

 dot, and opening on all sides, or to one side 

 of the fruit-dot, and opening on the othei*. 

 The involucrum, when a little opened, is 

 often jjeltate. (.shield-fern.) 



Asple'niuiM. Sori in lines parallel to each 

 other, situated exactly upon the secondary 

 veins of the frond ; involucres opening in- 

 ward, (spleen-wort, walking-leaf.) 



Scolopen"drium. Sori linear, trans- 

 verse, scattered ; involucram double, occu- 

 pying both sides of the sorus, superficial, at 

 length opening longitudinally, (caterpillar- 

 feni.) 



Pte'ris. Capsules arranged in a contin- 

 ued line along the very margin of the frond; 

 involucres opening inward, being formed of 

 the inflexed margins of the fronds. When 

 the leaves are extremely small, the rows ol 

 capsules on opposite sides meet and cover 

 the lov/er surface, (brake.) 



Adian"tum. Capsules disposed in oblong 

 frait-dots, arranged along the margin of the 

 frond ; involuci'um is formed by turning 

 back the margin of the frond over the cap- 

 sules, and it opens inward. The lines of 

 oblong spots are generally along that mar- 

 gin, which may be considered the end of 

 the leaf, or of the segments of the lea£ 

 (maidenhair.) 



Ono'clea. Fruit-dots indeterminate, pre- 

 senting a beny-likc appearance ; capsules 

 covering the ■whole lower surface of the 

 frond ; involucrum formed by turning in or 

 rolling back the margin of the leaf, which 

 opens inward, in maturity, toward the mid- 

 rib, or remains closed. The fertile leaves 

 are contracted, and nan-ower than the bar- 

 ren ones, (sensitive polypod.) 



B. Capsnle icithout a ring — being cellidar- 



reticulate, pellucid, sub-striate, radiate at 



the tip. 



Lygo'dium Capsules sessile, ovate; 3 

 ranks of small spikes issuing from the mar 

 gm of the frond, radiate-striatc or wrin- 

 kled, opening on the inner side from the 

 ba.se to the summit ; involucrum scale-lilce, 

 covering each capsule. 



Sciiizwe'a. Cap.sules with radiating fur- 

 rows at the top, somewhat turbinate, burst- 

 ing laterally, sessile ; involucrum continu- 

 ous, fonncd of the inflexed margin of the 

 unilateral spikes. 



Os.mun"da. Capsules globose, pedicelled, 

 radiate-striate or wrinkled, having a bingo 

 at the joining of the 2 valves, which resem- 

 bles part of the jointed ring of annulated 

 ferns ; the capsules either occupy the whole 

 frond, to a limited extent, or a panicled ra- 

 ceme Tlin parts of the frond occupied by 



