152 



RANUNCULUS. 



ihe brilliant red of its leaves toward the 

 close of autumni ; aconi short, ovate ; cnp 

 turbinate, scaly. The wood is used for 

 cooi)cr's staves. 



3. Fructification annual ; fridi jyedtiiic-lcd ; 

 leaves awnJess, lohed. 



ohtusilo'ba, (iron-oak, post-oak, M. Tp.) 

 leaves oblong, sinuate, cuneatc at the ba.-^e. 

 pubescent beneath ; lobes obtuse, the upper 

 dilated ; cup hemispherical ; aconi oval. 

 30-50 f 



aV'ba, (white-oak, M. '^> .) leaves oblong, 

 sinuate-pinnatiHd, pubescent beneath ; lobes 

 obtuse, entire, narrowed at their bases, par- 

 ticularly on full-gi-own ti-ees ; fruit pedun- 

 cled; calyx pomewhat bowl-fomi, tuber- 

 cled. llattencd at the base; acom ovate. 

 Fertile forests throughout the U. S._ Tim- 

 ber firm and durable, of gi-eat use in ship- 

 buildinir, and in many other arts. 70-100 

 feet high. 



macrocnr"pa, (over-cup oak, M. '^ .) leaves 

 downy beneath, deeply lyrate, sinuate- 

 lobed ; lobes obtuse, repand, upper ones 

 dilated ; cup deep, upper scaJes setose ; 

 aconi sliort-ovate. A large tree, 



olivcefo/'mia, mossy-cup oak, M. ''?.) 

 leaves oblong, smooth, glaucous beneath, 

 deeply and unequally sinuate-piimatifid ; 

 cup veiy deep, crenate above ; acorn ellip- 

 tic-oval. Hills. A large tree. 



4. Leaves entire, dentate. 

 ■ prinus, (s\varap chestnut-oak, M. Ip.) 

 leaves long petioled, obovatc, acute, pubes- 

 cent beneath, coarsely toothed ; teeth dila- 

 ted, catlous at the point ; cup deep, attenu- 

 ate at the base ; acorn ovate. 



clun"qnapin, (dwarf chestnut-oak, chin- 

 quapin, M. ^ .) leaves obovate, obtuse, glab- 

 rous, short- nctioled, coai'sely toothed, glau- 

 cous beneath ; teeth nearly equal, dilated, 

 callous at the apex ; cup hemispheric ; 

 acorn ovate. A low shrub. 3-4 f . 

 morda'na, (rock chestnut-oak, M. Ip .) leaves 

 petioled, broad-obovate, oblong, white- 

 tomentose beneath, shining above, coarsely 

 toothed, obtuse and unequal at the base ; 

 teeth nearly equal, very obtuse ; fruit in 

 pairs, short-peduucled ; cup hemispheric, 

 scales tuberculate, rugose ; acorn ovate. 

 30-50 f 



casta' nca, (yellow-oak, M. li) leaves 

 long-petioled, lance-oblong, obtuse at base, 

 acuminate, tomentose beneath, coarsely 

 toothed ; teeth unequal, dilated, acute, cal- 

 lous at tlie apex ; cup hemispheric ; acom 

 ovate, sub-globose. Mountains. 60-70 f 



bi'color, (swamp white-oak, M. Tp .) leaves 

 short-petioled, oblong, obovate, white to- 

 mentose beneath, coarsely toothed, entire at 

 the ba.se ; teeth unequal, spread, acuti.sh, cal- 

 lous at the apex ; fruit in pairs, long-pedun- 

 cled ; cup hemispheric ; acom oblong-ovate. 

 Var. niol"lis,\cii.ves toothed. sub-fciTuginous 

 lUid soft-pubescent beneath. 60-70 f S. 



vit-^em, (live-oak, M. 1? .) leaves peren- 

 nial, coriaceous, oblong-oval, entire, mar- 

 gins revolute, obtuse at base, acute at the 

 apex, stellate-pubescent beneath ; fruit ped- 

 icelled ; cup turbinate , acorn oblong. 

 40-60 f Florido. 



I pu'mila, (Ap. ^.) leaves deciduous. oD- 

 long-lanceolate, sub-undulate, acute and 

 mucronate at the apex, glabrous above to- 

 mentose beneath; aconi nearly sphcr'cal. 



2 f »s;. 



maritl'ma, (Ap. ^.) leaves perennial, co- 

 riaceous, lanceolate, entire, glabrous, taper- 

 ing at the base, acute at the apex, mucro- 

 nate ; aconi oval. 4-10 f. S. 



hemisp}ier"ica, (M. Tp .) leaves perennial, 

 lance oblong, undivided, 3-lobed, and sinu- 

 ate ; lobes mucronate, glabrous on both 

 sides. Resembles the aqitat"ica, S. 



lanrifo'lia, (Ap. '^ .) leaves nearly peren- 

 nial, sessile, lance-oblong, sub-acute, taper- 

 ing at the base, entire, glabrous on both 

 sides; acom sub-ovate. Var. oi^Ji'so, leaves 

 obtuse at the apex. 40-50 f S. 



cine'rea, (Ap. l^p.) leaves perennial, coria- 

 ceous, oblong-lanceolate, entire, margins 

 sub-revolute, mucronate at the apex, stel- 

 late, tomentose beneath ; fruit sessile ; acom 

 sub-globose. 20 IS. 



vujrtifo'lia, ( '^ .) leaves perennial, coria- 

 ceous, small, oblong-ovate, acute at each 

 end, glabrous, shining and reticulate above 

 margins revolute. S. 



nana, (Tp.) leaves cuneate, glabrous, 

 3 lobed at the summit, sub-sinuate at the 

 base ; lobes divaricate, mucronate ; middle 

 one largest ; axils of the veins beneath pu- 

 bescent ; acom ovate, sub-globo.se. S. 



michanxf'ii, (Ap. '^.) leaves petioled, obo- 

 vate, obtu.<e at the base, unequally dentato 

 sinuate, tomentose beneath ; frait generally 

 in pairs ; acorn very large, ovate. 50-60 f. 

 *S'. 



. lyra'la, (Ap. 1p.) leaves glabrous, sinuate, 

 oblong ; lobes oblong, sub-acute, upper ones 

 broad, angled ; cup as long as the globose 

 nut ; acom neai'ly covered. 60-70 f, S. 



i'lex, (evergreen oak,) a very ornamental 

 shrub. Ex. 



lucumbea'na, (turkey-oak,) grows rapidly, 

 and fonns a very handsome pyramidal tree 

 JSx. 



I?.ANUN"CULUS. 12—12. {Ranunculaucc) 



[Diminutive of rana, a frog, because it Is 



found mostly in places where frogs abound.] 

 A. Leaves divided. 



abar"tivii.s, (y, M. 11.) glabrous; stem 

 Siriate, naked below ; radical leaves heart 

 reniform, obtusely crenate, cauline one? 

 petioled, ternate, angled, upper ones sessile, 

 branches about 3-flowered. 9-15 i. 



rdjiens, (y- M. 2^.) pubescent; leaves ter- 

 nate, 3-cleu, gashed; creeping shoots sent 

 otr in the pummer ; peduncles furrowed ; 

 calyx spreading. Damp. 



a'cris, (crowfoot, buttercup, y. M. 2^.) 

 hairs close-pressed ; leaves 3-parted, many- 

 cleft, upper ones linear ; peduncles terete ; 

 calyx spreading. 1 -2 f 



scelern'tus, (celery crowfoot, y. Au. 2^.) 

 radical leaves petioled, 3-parted, the seg- 

 ments lobed, cauline ones ses.sile, 3-lobed , 

 carpels small, numerous, fonning an oblong 

 head ; stem 1 f , succulent, branched. 



his"pidus, (hairy crowfoot, w-y.) stem and 

 petioles with stiff, spreading hairs; calyx 

 haij-y ; styles short. Wet irronnd. 



