SONCHUS. 



171 



scabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong, rougb, witli 

 email, rigid bairs ; tliosc of the stem very 

 entire, lower ones serrate ; flowering 

 branches paniclcd ; racemes compact ; rays 

 elongated ; scales of the involucrum ob- 

 tuse. 3-4 f. 



latifo'lia, (y. S. Oc. Z(.) stem somewhat 

 fiexuous, angular, smooth; leaves broad- 

 ovate, acuminate, deeply serrate, glabrous ; 

 petioles winged ; racemes axillary. 18 i. 

 Dry woods. 



vimin''ca, (twig golden-rod, y. Au. Oc. 

 21.) erect, sub-pubescent; leaves lance-lin- 

 ear, membranaceous, attenuate at base, 

 glabrous ; margins scabrous ; lower ones 

 Bub-serrate ; racemes erect ; rays elonga- 

 ted. Banks of ptreams. 



virgou'ren, (European golden-rod, y. 2^.) 

 stem terete, pubescent, flexuous ; leaves 

 eerrate, roughish, attenuate at the base ; 

 racemes panicled, erect ; rays elongated ; 

 flo\vers large. 1-3 f. Y^x. alpi'na, small; 

 leaves obovate or lanceolate. 3-6 i. The 

 only species common to both continents. 



novel)o'raccn"sis, (star golden-rod, y. Oc. 

 11.) stem nearly leafless; branches fastigi- 

 ate ; leaves rough, radical ones ovate-ob- 

 long, petioled ; flowers large. 2-3 f. Sandy 

 Helds. 



Southern species. 

 1. Racemes one-sided. 



cineras"cens, (y. S. 2/.) stem slender, pu- 

 bescent; leaves long, linear-lanceolate, at- 

 tenuate at base, serrate, .sab-scabrous, pu- 

 bescent , racemes recurved ; peduncles and 

 ray-florets elongated ; seeds pubescent. 3 f. 



iorfifo'Ua, (y. S. 24^.) stem pubescent; 

 leaves linear-lanceolate, sub serrate, ex- 

 panding, twisted, the upper surface and 

 midrib scabrous, nearly glabrous beneath ; j 

 panicle pyramidal ; racemes recurved. 3 f. 



corymho'sa, (y. S. 2^.) stem robust and 

 virgately erect, glabrous; branches hispid ; 

 lower leaves lance-oblong ; upper ones 

 ovate, all fleshy, glabrous, rigid, margins 

 scabrous and cihate ; racemes corymbed; 

 lower ones recurved ; ray-florets elongated. 

 4-6 f 



pitch"cri, racemes glabrous ; leaves glab- 

 rous, thickly set, lance-oblong, acuminate 

 at each end, sharply serrate ; panicle pyra- 

 midal, few flowered ; pedicels pubescent ; 

 iiguli abbreviated. Ark. 



pyramida'ta, (y. S. 2^.) stem terete, his- 

 pid ; leaves oblong, acute, somewhat am- 

 plexicaul, sessile, glabrous, margins sca- 

 brous, rarely and obsoletely toothed ; pani- 

 cle naked, pyramidal ; branches reflexed ; 

 pedmicles squamose. 4-6 f. 



retror"sa, (y S. 11.) stem terete, glabrous, 

 somewhat amplexicaul, pubescent towards 

 the summit; leaves closely sessile, linear, 

 tapering al)ove, glabrous, pellucid punc- 

 tate, retlexed margins rough ; branches of 

 the panicle recurved. 



2. Racemes erect. 



pulrcrnlen"ta. (y. l^.) stem simple ; stem 

 and leaves pulverulent pubescent; leaves 

 sessile ; lower ones elliptic, serrate ; upper 

 Giles obovato, entire, margins scabrous; 



racemes erect, spike-form , ray-florets elon* 

 gated. 3-4 f. 



puhes"cens,_ (y. Oc. 2/.) stem branching, 

 pubescent, slightly scabrous, generally col- 

 ored, with numerous branches rigidly 

 erect; leaves long, lanceolate, tapering at 

 base, pubescent ; lower ones herrate ; ra- 

 cemes elect, panicled; ray-florets middle 

 sized. 3-4 f. 



pancipjs" culo' sn, (y. S. 11) smooth, snf- 

 frutico.se ; leaves lanceolate, obtuse, nerve- 

 less ; panicle compound, many-flowered ; 

 the clusters erect ; involucrum oblong, 5- 

 flowered ; floret of the ray, one. 



glomcra'ta, (y. 2_f.) stem simple, low; 

 leaves glabrous, lance-oblong, serrate ; 

 lower ones broad-oval, acuminate ; racemes 

 simple, composed of axillary heads, upper 

 ones clustered ; involucrum turgid, many- 

 flowered. 



angustifo'lia, (y. S. 24!.) stem glabrous, 

 generally colored, with many slender, erect 

 branches above ; leaves subulate-linear, en- 

 tire, glabrous; racemes erect, panicled; 

 ray-florets middle sized. 2 3 f. 



ela'ta, (y. S. 2^.) stem terete, baity, to 

 mentose above ; leaves lance-oval, acute, 

 sub entire, veiny, tomento.se beneath ; ra- 

 cemes erect, panicled ; ray-florets elonga- 

 ted. 2 3 f. 



salici'na, (y. S. 2^.) stem tall, slender, pu- 

 bescent above, somewhat scabrous ; branch 

 es virgate, long, erect ; leaves lanceolate, 

 sessile, scabrous above, glabrous beneath ; 

 lower ones serrate ; racemes sub-secund ; 

 branches short, sometimes recurved. 4-5 f. 



hirsu'ta, sub-pilo.se; stem simple; ra- 

 cemes erect ; flowers sub-raccmose-glorner- 

 ate ; leaves elliptic-ovate, scattered ; lower 

 ones spatulate, finely crenate. 



sqiu/rro'sa, (y. S.) stem branching, pubes- 

 cent; leaves lanceolate, acute, serrate, soft- 

 ly pubescent beneath ; lower ones taper- 

 ing at base ; racemes compound, erect ; 

 flowers large ; involucrum squarrose ; ray- 

 florets about 10, scarcely longer than the 

 involucrum. 3-5 f, 



SON"CIIUS. 17—1. (Corymbifera:.) 



olcra'ceus, (sow-thistle, y. Ju. 0.) leaves 

 lance-oblong, clasping, slightly toothed and 

 serrate ; peduncles axillary and terminal, 

 covered with cotton-like down. Waste 

 grounds. 2-4 f Introduced. 



arven''sis, root creeping; leaves runci- 

 nate, denticulate, cord? te at the base ; in- 

 volucre hispid ; flowers Itrge, deep j-ellow ; 

 stem 2 f. 



macrojjliyV'lus, (b. Au. 2^.) leaves lyrate. 

 cordate at base, hairy beneath ; peduncles 

 hairy, naked ; fl«wers panicled. 4-7 f. 



spimdo'sus, (y. Au. 0.) leaves clasping, 

 undulate, spinose, oblong; flowers some- 

 what umbelled. 2 f. Salt marshes. 



IcKcophae'its, (b-w. Ju, $ .) peduncles 

 squamose ; flowers racemcd ; leaves ru.n- 

 cinate, acuminiite ; stem virgate and pani- 

 cled. 2 '-> f Swamps. 



Jlori'la'nns, (b. Ju. ^ .) peduncles sub- 

 squamose ; flowers panicled ; leaves lyrate- 

 runcinatc, denticulate, petioled. 3-G t. 



acnminii'tus, (h. Kvi. ^ .) peduncles sub- 



