VIOLA. 



165 



npperoiie generally naked, glabrous ; lat- 

 eral ones densely bearded, and with the 

 upper one marked with a few blue lines; 

 spur elongated behind. A variety has the 

 leaves more or less villosc. Dry. 



[LeavcK ovale or lanceolnte; corolla white, 

 inth the lateral petals narro7ver.] 



amce'na, (E. w. Ap. 2^.) glabrous ; leaves 

 jvate, sub-acuminate, crenate, sometimes 

 sub-villose above ; petioles long, spotted 

 with red ; peduncle somewhat 4-sided, 

 jijualling or exceeding the length of the 

 leaves, spotted ; divisions of the calyx lan- 

 ceolate ; petals all very entire, green at 

 the base ; lateral ones sometimes with the 

 ba.-ie pubescent, and with the upper one 

 marked with a few blue lines. Moist 

 woods. Flowers odorous. 



primnlifo'Ua, (primrose-leaved violet, w. 

 J. H) stoloniferous ; leaves oblong, sub- 

 cordate, abruptly decurrent into the petiole ; 

 nerves beneath and scape somewhat pu- 

 bescent ; sepals lanceolate ; petals obtuse ; 

 the two lateral ones a little bearded and 

 striate ; stigma capitate, rostrate. Var. 

 villo'sa, leaves very green ; petioles dense- 

 ly villose, becoming hoary. Flowers 

 odorous. 



hlan"da, {smooth violet, w. Ap. li) glab- 

 rous; leaves round, sometimes sub ovate, 

 crenate, appressed to the ground, some- 

 times sprinkled with a few short hairs 

 above; petioles pubescent; peduncles 

 somewhat 4sided, longer than the leaves ; 

 segments of the calyx lanceolate, obtuse ; | 

 petals all very entire, green at the base ; 

 lateral ones slightly bearded and striate, 

 ihe lower one distinctly striate and some- 

 what bearded ; stigma depressed, rostrate ; 

 corolla small, odorous. 2-4 i. Wet, low 

 grounds. 



[Stemless, not belonpng- to the preceding 

 divisions.] 



rotundifo'lia, (O. M. y. li.) glabrous; 

 leaves thickish, appressed to the earth, 

 broad-ovate or orbicular, cordate, crenate ; 

 nerves pubescent beneath; sinus closed; 

 peduncle somewhat 4-sided, as long as the 

 leaves ; divisions of the calyx oblong, ob- 

 tuse ; petals sometimes emarginate. upper 

 ones small ; lateral ones somewhat beard- 

 ed, and with the upper one marked with a 

 few yellowish brown lines ; spur very 

 ehorL Woods. 1-3 i. 



peaa'ta, (M. p-b. 14-.) glabrous; leaves 

 sometimes ciliate, variou.sly divided, very 

 open, pedately 9-parted ; divisions linear, 

 and obtusely lanceolate, generally 3-lobed 

 at the apex, often simply lanceolate, with 

 the apex 5-7-lobed ; peduncle somew^hat 4- 

 sided ; divisions of the calyx lanceolate, 

 acute, ciliate, emarginate behind ; petals 

 all white at the base, veinless, very entire, 

 very glakrous, naked; upper one truncate, 

 and marked with a few very blue lines, 

 sometimes obsolete. Var. veluli' na,ha.H the 

 tvvo lower petals of a very deep violet- 

 color, and appears like velvet. Yax.al'ba, 

 has white flowers. . Di-y 3-4 i. S. 



B. Candescent, 

 puhcs'ccm, (y. If.) villo.se-pubcsccnl; 

 stem simple, erect, terete, leaHess below 

 leaves broad-ovate, cordate, dentate ; peti- 

 oles short; stipules large, ovate, dentate; 

 peduncles 4-sided, shorter than the leaves ; 

 bracts subulate ; minute divisions of thft 

 calyx lanceolate; petals all very entire, 

 veinless-; upper one naked, glabrous; late- 

 ral ones bearded, and with the upper one 

 marked with a few blue lines ; lower ones 

 often becoming reddish outside; spur short, 

 gibbous, acutish ; stigma pubescent, scarcely 

 beaked. Varies in pubescence, leaves are 

 sometimes glabrous ; the capsules are either 

 glabrous or woolly. 4-12 i., rarely 4 f. 



rostra' ta, (beaked violet, b-p. M. If.) 

 smooth ; stem diffuse, erect, terete ; leaves 

 orbicular and ovate, cordate, crenate-den- 

 tate, younger ones cucullate ; stipules lin- 

 ear, acuminate, furnished with elongated, 

 linear teeth; peduncles filiform, axillary, 

 very long ; segments of the calyx lanceo- 

 late, acute, entire behind; petals all very 

 entire, veinle.ss, naked, beardless, upper and 

 lateral ones marked with a few blue lines ; 

 spur straight, linear, compressed, olituse, 

 double the length of the petals; stigma 

 subclavate; root woody, perpendicular, 

 fibrous. Var. barba'ta, lateral petals bearded. 

 6-10 i. 



stria! ta, (striped violet, y-w. J. If-) 

 smooth ; stem oblique, branching, angular ; 

 leaves roundish, ovate, sub acuminate, cre- 

 nate dentate, sometimes sub-pubescent ; pet- 

 ioles long ; stipules large, oblong lanceolate, 

 dentate-ciliate ; peduncles quadrangular ; 

 bracts linear, rather large ; segments of the 

 calyx lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate. emar- 

 ginate behind; petals entire, upper one 

 marked with a few blue lines, naked, 

 smooth, sometimes a little villose, lateral 

 ones bearded, lower one occasionally a 

 Uttle villose; spm: sub-poiTCCted ; stigma 

 pubescent behind. 



muh'lenberg"ia'na, (slender violet, b-p 

 M. li.) smooth ; stem weak, sub-prostrate; 

 leaves reniform-cordate, upper ones ovate, 

 crenate ; stipules lanceolate, sen-ate-ciliate, 

 sub-pinnate ; peduncles somewhat quadran- 

 gular, axillary, longer than the leaves; 

 bracts minute, subulate; segments of the 

 calyx linear, acute, sub-ciliate ; petals all 

 entire, veinless ; upper one naked, glabrous, 

 lateral ones bearded, the upper one mai'ked 

 with a few blue Unes ; spur porrected, com- 

 pressed, obtuse; stigma ciliate behind; 

 beak ascendine:. 3-6 i. 



hasta'ta, (halbert-violet, y. M. 2^.) smooth- 

 stem erect, simple, terete, leafy above; 

 leaves long-petioled, cordate-lanceolate or 

 hastate, acuminate ; lobes obtuse, dentate; 

 stipules minute, ciliate-dentatc ; petals all 

 very entire, lower ones dilated, sub-3lobed, 

 lateral ones slightly bearded; spur short, 

 gibbose, acutish ; stigma truncate, 01* pu- 

 bescent ; capsule glabrous, or pubescent on 

 all sides. Var. gih'ba, has no hastate or 

 deltoid leaves. 812 i. Mountains. 



canaden"sis, (r. w-y. M. U-) smooth, 

 stem sub-simple, erect, terct* ; stipules en- 



