CHAPTER IX 



WOOD-AND-IRON BUILDINGS 



Wood-and-iron Buildings is the name commonly applied to buildings 

 which consist of a wooden framework carrying, on its outer side, a 

 sheathing of galvanised corrugated iron. 



The Framework. — The wooden framework is composed of verticals, 

 or posts, and horizontals, the latter being called rails or plates 

 according to their position. Two " sizes " of timber are commonly 

 used, viz. 4J" by 3" and Q" by 1J". 



The lowest horizontal is called the foundation-plate. It is continuous, 

 and rests, in the case of the best work, on a masonry foundation to 

 which it is attached by £-inch holding-down bolts. Each of these 

 bolts is provided with a large square washer, and about a foot length 

 of each bolt, together with its washer, is built into the stonework 

 of the foundation. The foundation-plate should either be tarred, or 

 treated with carbolineum or creosote. 



The topmost horizontal is also continuous, and is known as the 

 roof-plate. 



Between foundation-plate and roof-plate, either one or two horizontals 

 are situated, according to the height of the building. These may be 

 termed rails ; they are non- continuous, being interrupted by the posts. 



The posts are checked or notched into the foundation-plate and roof- 

 plate, while the rails are checked into the posts, as shown in Figs. 86, 

 87, 88, and 89. Checks are made | inch deep when cut in 4£" by 

 3" scantlings, but only \ inch deep when in 41" by l\" scantlings. 

 Joints between corner posts and foundation- and roof-plates are made 

 similarly to that illustrated by Fig. 161. 



In the case of cottages the wooden frame-work is composed of 

 the following scantlings : — 



Eoundation-plates, roof- plates, corner-posts, and door-posts, all 

 4|" by 3"; rails and all posts other than corner-posts and 

 door-posts all 4£" by li". 



