200 FARM BUILDINGS IN SOUTH AFRICA 



not less than 1 inch in 7 feet. This gutter discharges through a grating at 

 its lower end into a sump formed in concrete, from which a 6" drain-pipe 

 leads to the liquid manure tank (vide designs Nos. 1 and 2). This drain- 

 pipe should be as straight as possible, and should be provided with a 

 man-hole at each bend. The slope of the drain pipe should not be less 

 than 1 inch in 5 feet, and it should be steeper if the slope of the ground 

 permits. 



Boiler-house or Food-preparation Room. — Especially in the rearing and 

 fattening of pigs, boiled food or food soaked in hot water is generally 

 regarded as advantageous. At one end of the piggery there should 

 therefore be provided a boiler-house and food-preparation room combined. 



A boiler of about 80 gallons capacity will be found generally suitable 

 for a moderate-sized piggery. In design No. 1 the chimney -shaft is 

 built outside the building for the sake of simplicity in construction. 



A good arrangement, and one which economises labour — in cases 

 where the piggery can be erected at a lower elevation than the dairy — 

 is to run a 1^-inch to 2-inch pipe from the dairy to a tank in the food- 

 preparation room for the purpose of conveying by gravitation the skim 

 milk, whey, and any waste milk from the dairy to the piggery. 



Farrow Guards or Safe Guards. — These are for the purpose of pro- 

 tecting the young pigs from being overlain by the sow. In design No. 2 

 they consist of a horizontal rail with vertical supports at intervals, both 

 rail and supports being made of 1^-inch gas-piping, the supports being 

 joined to the rail by T-pieces and the corners being formed by 

 elbows — 1^-inch gas piping costs about 7d. per foot f.o.r. Johannesburg. 

 The lower ends of the supports are built into the floor, as shown in 

 Fig. 157. 



In design No. 1 the guards consist of 3-inch by 3-inch hardwood rails, 

 supported at intervals by wooden blocks. 



The guard rail should be 9 inches clear of the floor, and the distance 

 from the wall to the guard rail should be 9 inches clear. 



Troughs, Doors, etc. — These can be bought in iron, as shown in 

 Fig. 158. The same style of trough and gate can be made in wood, as 

 illustrated by Fig. 159. Three 4^-inch by 3-inch posts are sunk 2 feet 

 into the ground to form the gate posts, etc., the ends having first been 

 charred or tarred to fortify the wood against rot. The trough has the 

 usual hinged flap above it, so that it can be opened either to the pigs for 

 feeding or to the attendant for cleaning purposes. It should be raised 



