DESIGN FOE RESEBVOIR IN REINFORCED CONCRETE 231 



barbed wires, arranged criss-cross and spaced 9 inches apart, in the middle 

 of the thickness of the concrete. The floor is laid on 6 inches of hard- 

 core which should be well rammed before depositing the concrete upon 

 it. The reinforcement should be most carefully placed, exactly as in- 

 dicated on the drawings. Bars should be tied together with soft wire 



Fig. 181. 



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where they cross each other. Joins between 

 separate lengths of bar should be arranged 

 as in Fig. 175, the bars being given a 12-inch 

 over-lap (wired), and having their ends bent 

 over so as to gain a grip in the concrete. 

 Care should be taken not to have too many 

 joints vertically in line at any one place. 

 Where any horizontal rod is parallel to the 

 face of the wall, its centre-line should be 

 If inch in from that face (either the outer 

 or inner face, as the case may be). 



The piers are broadened out at the base 

 to a width of 12 inches, in order to increase 

 the area with which they bear on the sub-soil. 



If the foundation be other than rock or hard shale, a large, broad stone 

 should be placed under each pier to still further increase the bearing 

 area. The lower face of this stone should be approximately true or 

 flat, and should be thoroughly bedded down on a layer of lime mortar, 

 spread over the bottom of the trench dug to receive the stone. 



Figs. 181 and 182 show suggested moulds or forms. These should 



Fig. 182. 



