No. 11. 



Tare. — Maternal Afection. 



859 



they are not exhaustintr to the soil ;" for it 

 is well known that all crops hetrin to exhaust 

 the soil when they betjin to bloom, as the 

 blossom is not furnished with any return 

 sap-vessels : the custom of cutting as soon 

 as they begin to blossom, however, obviates 

 very much this objection. In the sheep- 

 breeding countries, it is customary to feed 

 off the tares by folding them with sheep by 

 means of trundles, and if this is commenced 

 early in the season, a second growth takes 

 place, which gives an additional crop of 

 great luxuriance. This is not, however, a 

 mode of management to be recommended, 

 for another important use of the tare culture 

 is, to do away with the necessity of naked 

 summer fallowing; and to this end they 

 should be sown as early after harvest, on 

 those lands designed for the wheat crop the 

 next autumn, as possible : and if they are 

 mown off and given to the cattle as soon as 

 they are fully grown, and the land ploughed 

 up as they are cleared, there will be sufficient 

 time to give it a thorough cleaning before the 

 time of wheat sowing, a preparation for that 

 crop superior to almost every other, especially 

 if the land has been manured for the tares, 

 which it should always be, if possible, as it 

 enables the crop to overcome the weeds, and 

 to add exceedingly to the size nf the dunghill ,• 

 and it is remarked, that wheat after tares 

 that have been manured for, is not liable to 

 be affected by rust. 



By the turnip and tare culture it is, that 

 tiie system of naked fallowing is entirely 

 done away in England. The turnips on 

 light lands, the tares on heavy soils, each 

 furnishing sufficient opi)ortunity to clean the 

 land thoroughly, before sowing barley after 

 turnips, or wheat after tares. Arthur Young's 

 observation, " that not a tenth of the stock 

 could be maintained withoutthem," is nothing 

 but the truth ; and they will fatten horses, 

 cattle, sheep, and hogs, without any other 

 food, especially if they are allowed to perfect 

 their seed — by which, however, is not meant 

 to ripen it. , 



Tares produce more green food than the 

 best meadows, and the land may be cleared 

 of them in June, time enough for a crop of 

 turnips, or even potatoes, or of being pre- 

 pared for wheat. They will fatten all kinds 

 of cattle, suit every soil and climate, and on 

 good soils will produce twelve tons of green 

 food per acre. Winter tares are sown from 

 the middle of August, to the middle of Oc- 

 tober, two bushels or two bushels and a half 

 per acre. .Spring tares may be sown from 

 March to midsummer. 



They begin to blossom in May, when 

 they should be mown and taken to the cattle 

 in the stables until they pod, when the re- 

 mainder should be made into hay ; whilst 



making into hay, they require a ffood deal 

 of sun ; rain is very injurious. If all the 

 farmer's slock is kept upon them while 

 green, they are taken oflf the grass land, 

 consequently, there will be more grass to 

 make into hay ; and they should he suihcicnt- 

 ly plentiful to keep the cattle on th<un until 

 after hay-making, when they might go into 

 the mown meadows. Cood land, well ma- 

 nured, will yield ten tons green per acre, 

 which will make three tons of the best hay 

 on the farm. If preserved for seed, they 

 have been known to yield forty bushels per 

 acre, and sell from one dollar to seven dol- 

 lars per bushel, according to the seasons. 

 They are of such infinite importance for 

 summer soiling, that Mr. Davis, of Bedding- 

 ham, England, says, he could not maintain 

 one-tenth part of the stock he does without 

 them. This plant maintains more stock at 

 that season of the year than any other what- 

 ever. Upon one acre of tares he can main- 

 tain four horses, in much better condition 

 than upon five acres of grass ; upon eight 

 acres he has kept twelve horses and five 

 cows for three months — June, July, and 

 August, and no other food given them. 

 Cows give more butter while feeding on 

 them than on any other food." 



I have sown crops of tares in succession 

 during the spring and summer; the last sow- 

 ing, on the 21st day of June, proving a 

 heavy and most valuable crop for soiling 

 working horses on a rail-road until the month 

 of September — these were raised upon land 

 which had been cleared of turnips in the 

 spring and early summer, and which was 

 sown upon the same by the 29th day of 

 September. James Bevnon. 



May 15, 1840. 



Maternal Affection. 



A mother's love is synonymous with im- 

 mortality. Other affections may be overcome, 

 other feelings may be seared by apathy, or 

 frozen by ne'glect, but this yields not to the 

 power of change : it lives on, unconsumed 

 by time, and uncongealed by the breath of 

 forgetful ness. Whether the tear which rises 

 from its fount sparkle in the beams of pros- 

 perity, or glisten like the dew-drop of win- 

 ter on the withered remnants of the summer's 

 pride, it is alike pure— alike the overflowing 

 of a feeling which cannot die, and cannot 

 be overcome. 



A farmer can seldom do better, when mov- 

 ing into a new situation, than observe the 

 practice of his most successful neighbours, 

 especially if he is obliged to employ labour- 

 ers obtained upon the spot; it will be easy 

 afterwards gradually to resort to his own ideas. 



