224 THE FAKMKKS' HANDBOOK. 



nothing is more injurious to any palm than taking away its foliage before it 

 lias decays J naturally ; such treatment stunts the plant, and makes a shrub 

 of it instead of a tree. 



For shelter groves the New Zealand Karaka (Corynocarpus laevigata) is 

 recommended. For low land breaks or hedges the New Zealand Karamu 

 (Coprosma Baueri), used largely in Sydney and Melbourne, where it is 

 known as "The Looking-glass Tree," is excellent; so indifferent is this plant 

 to the effects of the coastal bleakness that it seems to flourish best when in 

 reach of the ocean spray. 



The Oleander of Africa (Nerium oleander) is very hardy as a windbreak 

 on bleak places, but it is not recommended for stock shelter on account of its 

 foliage being poisonous when wilted. 



For group planting for either shelter or ornamentation the Sydney Golden 

 Wattle {Acacia longifolia) and the Sally (A . jioribunda) are quick growers. 

 They flower profusely in mid-winter, and should also be planted as nurses 

 to slower and longer-lived subjects. 



Maiden's Wattle (Acacia Maidenii) is more branched, grows to a greater 

 height than the former, and lends itself to grouping in poor rocky soils ; and 

 the White Wattle (Acacia binervata) is useful for ornamentation, shade and 

 shelter. 



Grey Gum (Eucalyptus punctata) makes a handsome tree close to the sea, 

 growing as it does in rough stony places, overlooking gullies or tidal waters. 



Red Mahogany (Eucalyptus resinifera) is a well-foliaged tree, free-flowering, 

 of symmetrical shape, and stands the knife. 



Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pihdaris) grows quickly into small or large trees 

 according to the depth and richness of the soil, is free-flowering, and makes 

 an excellent subject, planted rather thickly, for grove shelter purposes. On 

 low-lying and flat areas the Broad-leaved Ironbark (Eucalyptus siderophloia) 

 is a suitable tree for shade in groups, or specimens. 



For quick-growing groups the two Casuarinas, stricta and glauca, are both 

 useful and ornamental, the latter preferring brackish water. 



The Tablelands. 



In this section may be included Goulburn, Moss Vale, Bathurst, Scone, 

 Glen Innes, Armidale, Tamworth, and all similar places. 



Some of the finest trees for these districts are those growing naturally. 

 The Yellow Box (Eucalyptus mdliodora), for instance, which has also been 

 recommended for the coastal districts. The Apple (Eucalyptus Stuartiana) 

 is growing at most of the places mentioned above, as Apple chiefly, but in 

 some places as Peppermint, Woollybutt, Sally, or Pepperwood. No tree is 

 better suited for ornamental planting than this beautiful white-branched and 

 graceful leaved gum. 



Mountain Gum (Eucalyptus gouiocalyx) makes a fine subject for street 

 planting ; it stands pruning, its large and long leaves afford plenty of shade, 

 and young plants respond readily to cultural treatment. Another handsome 

 street tree is the Cider Gum (Eucalyptus Gunnii) ; its long, dark green and 

 shining leaves hanging from white stems fully compensate for its one dirty 

 habit of shedding its bark. This gum also responds quickly after the knife. 

 For country road work, the Red Stringybark (Eucalyptus eugenioides) grows 

 into a large tree, densely foliaged, and will stand pruning into shape as it 

 grows. Very handsome in habit is the Narrow-leaf Peppermint (Eucalyptus 

 rudiata), with its pendulous stems and willow-like leaves. It responds 

 quickly after pruning, and makes a good subject for all purposes. Two 



