71 



THK FARMERS HANDBOOK. 



brain. In the caseof cereals it is contained in the outer skin, which is re- 

 moved in milling, and yeast and yeast extracts are particularly rich in it. 

 It is relatively low in Mesh. 



2. Anti-rachitic, <>r Fat-soluble A — This vitamine is abundantly present in 

 animal fats, such as cream, butter, beef-fat ; in fish oils, as cod liver and whale 

 oil : in the yolk of eggs and in green-leaved vegetables, but not in roots. 



•">. Anti-scorbutic <>r Water-soluble G . -This vitamine is abundant in fresh 

 vegetables, as cabbages ; runts such as swedes and turnips; very abundant in 

 lime, lemon and orange juice. It is found only in small quantities in animal 

 tissues and is very easily destroyed by heating or drying. 



These three are the principal recognised vitamines, but the existence of at 

 least two others is suspected, and they must be taken into account. Thus, in 

 the case of the Water-soluble B vitamine which is present abundantly in yeast, 

 it is considered by more recent investigators that the vitamine which is an 

 essential to the proper development of the yeast-cell, differs from the Water- 

 soluble B, and they have proposed to designate it as Water-soluble vitamine 

 D. Tt is also now considered not unlikely that the Water-soluble B may 

 itself be composed of two vitamines — the anti-neuritic and the growth-pro- 

 ducing vitamines. Similarly, the Fat-soluble A may possibly consist of two 

 vitamines, the one having antirachitic and the other anti-ophthalmic pro- 

 perties. 



The distribution of the three principal vitamines and the reJative propor- 

 tions in which the}' exist in various substances are given in the following 



taMes : — 



* Table A. — Showing Relative Proportions of all three Vitamines in Substances. 

 Vitamines appreciably present in— Vitamines practically absent in— 



Cod-liver nil 

 Butter-fat ... 

 Cream 

 Egg-fat 

 Green leaves 



Fat-soluble A type (antirachitic). 



... 4-4-4-4- Yeast 



4- 4- 4- Vegetable oils 



+ + Seeds 



+ + 



Lard 

 Nuts 



4- 7 

 + ? 



Yeast 



< i-erm of seeds 



Rice millings 



Natural grains 



Nuts 



.Some vegetable 



Orange juice 



Skimmed milk 



Water-soluble B type (anti-neuritic). 



+ + 4- Cod-liver oil 



Vegetable oils 

 4-4-4- Lard 



+ 4- 

 + -I- 



4- 4- 



4- + 



4- 



Butter-fat ... 

 Milled products. 



flour, &c. 

 Cooked foods 



Water-soluble C type (anti-scorbutic). 



Lime and lemon juice 



I (range juice 



Tomato 



Some fresh vegetables 



Sprouted seeds 



1'iesli unpa8teurisedmilk ... 



4-4-4- 



4- 4- 4- 

 4- 4- 

 4- +• 

 + i- 



Yeast 

 Cod-liver oil 



Nuts 



( train and seeds 

 Canned foods 

 Cured meats 

 Cooked foods 



+ ■'. 

 + 1 



I'V " \ itamines," b.\ A. D. Emmett. 



