S.")(l THE FARMERS' HANDBOOK. 



Fuller. — This tool has a convex face. It is chiefly used for forming semi- 

 circular grooves or depressions in bars, and sometimes for finishing up corner? 

 where a hammer cannot be used. The rounded face does not cut the fibres 

 of iron, but merely alters their direction. The fuller, therefore, when used 

 to make a groove, does not lessen the strength of the iron. 



They are made in different sizes. The face forms half of a circle, and the 

 size is taken at the base of the semicircle, or what would be the diameter 

 of a complete circle. Fullers are spoken of as |-inch, f-inch, &c. (Fig. 3b.) 



The Hardie is a tool with a sharp edge, adapted for cutting hot or cold 

 iron or mild steel. It is fitted with a stem, so that it can be held in the anvil. 

 When a bar of iron is to be cut, it is laid on the sharp edge of the hardie, a 

 smart blow is struck with the hammer, and the bar is then moved round a 

 little for the next blow, and so on until the bar is nicked all round. It 

 is then easily broken by striking a sharp blow on the end, after laying 

 the bar on the anvil with the nicked place just over the edge. 



Hot and cold sets or chisels are steel tools used for cutting either hot or 

 cold metal. They are fitted with handles and are forced into the metal 

 ■with the hammer or sledge. Hot sets are kept thinner in the blade than 



Fig. 4— Cold Set. 



Fig. 5.— Set Hammer. 



cold sets. Cold sets must be kept thicker on account of the risk of breakage. 

 These are tempered, but it is little use tempering the hot sets, as the heat 

 of the metal cut by them soon withdraws the temper. (Fig. 4.) 



Set Hammer. — This is somewhat similar to the flatter, but is made smaller 

 n the face. (Fig. 5.) It is chiefly used for reaching those places where 

 ordinary hammering cannot be done, as in angles. It is placed on the 

 spot which requires working and struck with the sledge. 



Punches are made circular, oval, oblong, and square in different sizes, and 

 are fitted with handles for use. 



Mandrels are slightly tapered tools used for finishing up holes after punching, 

 haping rings, &c. They are made in different sizes. 



Bolster. — This is a steel or iron bar or block, containing holes or cavities 

 for forming up different classes of work. The holes are round, square, and 

 slotted, according to the class of work for which they are intended. If a 



