10 



sides oT his tail ; one of which also comes on each 

 side every year. Horse dealers rely upon them,, let 

 the owners or sellers say what they may against it. 



We will next point out the defects in the horse's 

 mouth, which must be attended to, as they may de- 

 stroy a horse. There are the barbs, the lampas, the 

 giggs upon the lips, and the gagg-teeth. They tire 

 described separately as follows : 



The Barbs. — For the barbs look under his tongue 

 and see if he has not two fleshy excrescences on the 

 under palate like horse bladders. It seems to be a 

 mere trifle, but these, however, will hinder a horse 

 from drinking as usual ; and if he does not drink 

 freely, he eats the less, and languishes from day to 

 day, perhaps, without any person taking notice of it. 



The Lampas. — The lampas is known by opening 

 the horse's mouth, and looking at his upper palate, to 

 see if the flesh comes down below the inner teeth ; 

 this gives him pain in eating his oats, and even his 

 hay, when it is too harsh ; though he can very well 

 manage bran, grass or kind hay. 



Cure. — Purgatives should be employed ; bran 

 mashe?, in which an ounce of nitre daily has been in- 

 fused, may also be given until the pulse becomes 

 more natural. If the lampas be not lessened by these 

 means, the projecting part is to be cut with a lancet, 

 but some persons commence operating with a searing 

 iron, as the readiest way, and give physic afterwards. 

 This application never fails, 



GiGGS UPON THE LIPS. — Tum Up his lips, both 

 upper and under, and perhaps you may find several 

 small elevations like little while blisters, which make 

 the inside of the lips uneven. This defect may be 

 felt with the finger, and is what hinders horses from 

 eating cis usual. This is called gaggs upon the lips. 



Gagg-Teeth. — It is a defect that rarely happens 

 to young horses, and is to be discovered by looking 

 at the large grinders, which in this case appear un- 

 equal, and in eating catch hold of the inside of the 

 cheeks, causing great pain and making them refuse 

 their food. 



