THE FARMER^S iMONTHLY VISITOR. 



59 



ropean talents and ingenuity are running a des- 

 perate race for the American market. If a remedy 

 shall not be provided, our manufactures will go 

 down, our ca;ih and llocks go off to pay for luxu- 

 ries, and our manufacturers be ultligcd to juove to 

 the West. Nothing, in my opinion, will prevent 

 this result but a prohibition of what we do not 

 want, or a high duty on an American value, and 

 one half or two thirds of it given in bounty to the 

 American manufactures : and if our government 

 needs resources, then approach and tax the woollen 

 fulling mill, the cotton luom, iron furnace, salt pan, 

 pig leiid, or ' leaden bu.st," silk or thread. Super- 

 fine sheep's wool will be abandoned by our farmers 

 if their wool of extra quality, say Saxony at two 

 pounds eacli, does not sell at 60 cents the pound — 

 other finer sorts down to 4U cents ; and we not 

 raise any below that price clean washed in the 

 fleece. 



The advantage of encouraging home manufac- 

 tures is fell thr.jugii all the producing interests — 

 to thelalsorer not less tiiaii the capitalist. The pur- 

 chase and consumption of the one creates a demand 

 for the other : the farmer will obtain a high price 

 for his surplus produce so long as the mechanic 

 and artisan finds a ready sale at living prices for 

 whatever he produces, ii^ the foreign interest on- 

 ly is sustamed, the people will need only the auc- 

 tioneers and jobbers to aid them in destroying our 

 manufactures. The patronage of home industry 

 will alone save the wealth of our capitalists and 

 continue all the wheels in motion — this will keep 

 up the current wages now established in con.- 

 mtrce, the arts and agriculture. It is absurd to 

 reduce our wages in any home article, lest the sur- 

 plus of Europe should be sacrificed at half price." 



Plum Trees. — It has been remarked as an in- 

 creasing evil in raising most of the common stone 

 plums that the fruit falls prematurely before it is 

 ripened. A gentleman informs us that this de- 

 struction of the plum is caused by a worm ; that, 

 from an experiment tried with these premature 

 plums in a bottle, it is ascertained a bug is hatched 

 which deposites the eg^ next season in the blow ; 

 and that the evil may be prevented by gathering 

 all the plums thus atTectcd ai^er they fall and de- 

 stroy them by burning. Without a remedy of this 

 kind, the quantity of false or premature fruit will 

 annually Increase — performed thoroughly, the work 

 v.'ill entirely eradicate the worm. 



The borer in plum and peach trees is also a seri- 

 ous evil, destroying the bearing and even tiie life 

 of the tree. The residence of the insect may be 

 ascertained by the raising ef a l)listcr on the bark 

 of the tree, commencing in the spring. The prop- 

 agation of these may be prevented by attending 

 early to tb;' first appearance of the insect. Wherev- 

 er the blister appears it should be directly out from 

 tlie trQO with a knife, and the wound may be cov- 

 ered with a cement of four parts of rosin, two parts 

 nf beeswax and one part of tallow, such as is used 

 by many persons in grafting appletrees. Thus 

 treated, the trees will soon regain their natural 

 thriftiness. 



Comoay, A'. //., March :25, 1S39. 



Hon. Is>. AC IliLi. ; — Dear Sir, — I notice in the 

 last '^iVIonthiy Visitor" inquiries from Mr. Stephen 

 Stone of Conn, about the Herksliire hogs. His 5th 

 inquiry is, "Is there any of the Berkshire breed of 

 hogb for sale in your vicinity .'' If so by whom, 

 and what price do tliey bear .'' ' Now I would an- 

 swer that I have the Berkshire hogs for sale. 

 Three years since I brought a pair from Albany, N. 

 Y. Last year I had fourteen pigs, eight of which 

 I sold at fwur weeks old for ^5 each. 



I now have six sows and two boars, and should I 

 have good luck, I shall have from forty to fifty pigs 

 this sprin-T, most of which are engaged. Should 

 nay of your readers wish to purchase, I will sell 

 the pair 1 brought from Albany, (now three years 

 old) if applied for soon. 



1 will take this opp)rtunity to slate, that I have 

 a full blood Durham Bull for sale. He will be four 

 years old the 1st of July next. At the age of three 

 years he weighed nineteen cwt., and will now, I 

 think, weigh about twenty-five cwt. He has had 

 no extra keeping, and is in every respect a very 

 superior animal. 



Respectfully, sir, 



Your obedient servant, 



DANIEL S?ARHAWK. 



Fur the Farmer's MoHlhiy Visitor. 

 Mammoth I!ogs. 



In Andoverin '.'3^, three farmers all of good esStatc, 



Sat out together with prospects fine, to sec who'd 

 kill the largest swine. 



Tiie names of these ambitious three, were Wil- 

 liam,* Jam('.^,+ and Joseph E.* 



The hogs were killed — acknowledged fat, but Wil- 

 liam beat in spite of that. 



The senior James he doth deny, that he the race 



began to try — 

 But James the second|| must stand in, although his 



hog was rather thin — ■ 

 I hope my neighbora'U not think hard, to read a 



line from me a bard. 

 As it's the first I've undertook, to rhyme the pork 



before 'twas cook'd. 



Andovcr, East End, Jan. 30, 1S39. 



♦William Graves' 717. f-^aaies Mirstoii'^ 571. Jose]ili 

 E. FlIIi.ws' 05 . |;Jaines M.Uftoii'a, Jr. 49.). 



[IXTbe following according to the Montreal pa- 

 per, is the population of British America : Lower 

 Canada, 5^i),O0U ; Upper Canada, 350,000, and that 

 of the two races in both provinces at 400,000 

 French, and 470,000 English. The population of 

 Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edwards 

 Island, and Newfoundland, is about 300,000. 



P.\RSNiP5, Carrots A^D Bef.ts. You should 

 sow vour early crop of either of these deliglitful 

 roots in t!iis month. The best kind of ground for 

 each is a rich loam inclining to sand; but if the 

 ground he well and thorouglily manured, ploughed 

 deep, and pulverized finely, they will grow in any 

 soil. No farmer should omit sowing them, if for 

 nnlhing else, as food for his cattle. They tend 

 greatly to improve the quantity and quality ofboth 

 milk and butter, and are highly healthful and nu- 

 tritious to cows, and serve as admirable food for 

 store-lings, suckling sows and their progeny. 



Cellekv. Transplant your cellery plants for an 

 early crop. Prepare a spot of ground in beds three 

 or four feet wide, manure and dig it up well, rake 

 smooth ; tlien plant the plants out, about three 

 inches apart, and let them remain for about five 

 weeks, wiien they will be fit to be put out in the 

 trenches. 



RiiuBAnn. This delicious and delicate tart plant 

 is too much neglected in our gardens, and we once 

 more call the attention of every one to it who has 

 a garden- It makes as good a tart as the gooseber- 

 ry, is more iiealthful, and does not give half as 

 much trouble. 



The mode of culture is as follows : — Select a 

 piece of rich sandy loam, manure it v.'ell ; trench 

 it two or three spades deep, level and rake it neat- 

 ly, lay it eft" into beds of four feet depth, sow the 

 seed in drills, thinly; keep the ground stirred, 

 clean of weeds, and water well. Tlie first wmter 

 they .sliould be protected by a covering of rush or 

 straw, with a plank thrown over it — after the first 

 winter the}' will not require it. 



In the second spring vincover your plants, hoe 

 between the rows, lighten the eartii and give a top 

 dressing of rich mould or compost. 



If yon would enjoy this luxury at once, buy a 

 few plants, say a dozen; they will be sufficient to 

 supply your family with tarts. We would make 

 this remark — no family where there are children 

 should be without a few of these plants ; besides, 

 being a delicious ingredient in the composition of 

 tarts, they are an antidote to the diarrhcea, dysen- 

 tery, and cholera infantum. 



is THE FLOWER G.4RDEN. As your early hi/a- 

 clnlh? will begin to devclnpe their flowers this 

 month, you must support their stems with small 

 sticks, and to give effect to their appearance, it will 

 be best to paint them green. 



The same remark will itpply to tulips, with this 

 addition, that wlien the flowers are expanded they 

 ought to be ahaded in order to prolong their bloom 

 and lend a freshness to their respective tints. 



{i' the weather be dry, your Ranunculuses and 

 Anemones should be watered. 



When your Auriculas expand their flowers, if 

 the weather be rainy, throw a protection over them, 

 and water them often. 



Sjw your Dahlia seed, and the plants will be fit 

 for transplanting by the middle of May. 



/lu^rj should now be transplanted and pruned. 



Krcrgrccn Shrvhs and vines generally should be 

 set out immediately. 



Your carnations and pinhs should be shifted. 

 Where they are in frames, they should be frequent- 

 ly aired and watered, so as to enure them to the 

 transition they n.re soon to experience. 



Vour Pohjanthuscs and Primroses should be at- 

 tended to now. 



The Jacohcun lily may be planted out towards 

 the end of this month. 



Your icalhs, ctcrgTcen hedges, box edgings, and 

 gr(u>-s platSj must all be attended to, and in fact 

 your eyes and hands must be busy in every direc- 

 tion, if you design to have a garden of which you 

 mny be proud. 



Fruit garden, 4S:c. Trees wliich have not burst 

 iiito leaf may in all safety be planted durina" this 

 moUtb. Alter planting them they should receive 

 ag'iod watering which will answer for the two-fold 

 purpouc of settling the earth around the roots, and 

 of causing them to push forth young and vigorous 

 fibres ; and we M'ill Jiere repeat what we have often 

 advanced before, that many valuable trees are an- 

 nually lost for the want of being watered, — what 

 we mean by the term, is not a mere sprinkling of 

 the surface, but thorough soaking applications of 

 water in sufficient quantities to reach the roots. 



The pruning of such of your fruit trees, as have 

 not before been trimmed, may now be advantage- 

 ously attended to. 



Currants, raspberries, and gooseberries, may now 

 be transplanted. 



Attend to your strawberry beds ; keep them clean 

 of weeds, and clear away the runners as tliey may 

 advance. 



If you should want to maitc a new plantation of 

 strawi)erry vines, let the strongest of the runners 

 remain until June, when they may be taken oft' and 

 transplanted. 



Grape cuttings and vines may be planted out, if 

 done early this month : and in a word, tlie eye and 

 judgment of the judicious farmer, planter, or horti- 

 culturist, must be busv and actively employed in ev- 

 ry direction on his premises; each must practice in- 

 dustry and economy, and eACercise untiring vigi- 

 lance, for without the exertion of these virtues, the 

 best fields may prove unproductive, and loss and 

 disappointment be his lot, when profit and pleasure 

 should have rewarded his efforts. — Amer. Farmer. 



Brief Hints for Spring Work. 



Apply manure to corn and potatoe crops, and not 

 to grnin crops. 



Let manure be buried as soon as possible after 

 spreading. 



When rotted or fermented manure is applied, 

 let it be as thoroughly mixed with the soil as possi- 

 ble. 



Wheat thrown out of the ground by frost, 

 should be pressed in again by passing a roller 

 over it. 



Ploughing heavy soils when wet, does more in- 

 jury than if the team were standing Idle. 



In ploughing green sward deeply, the furrows 

 must always be at least one lialf wider than deep, 

 el«c the sod will not turn well. 



New meadows sJiould now be rolled. 



All grain fields seeded to grass should bg rolled. 



Barley should be sown as early as possible, upon 

 a liglit and moderately moist soil, at the rate of one 

 and a half to two bushels per acre, according to the 

 size of the seed. 



A roller should be passed over it as soon as it is 

 harrowed, to press the soil round it, and smootli 

 the field. 



Barley seed may be freed from intermixed oats 

 by pouring water upon it, when the oats will float, 

 and may be skimmed off*. 



Oats require strong rich soil, good culture, and 

 early sowing. 



Preserve leached and unleached ashes wliich 

 have accumulated during the winter, to be applied 

 to corn, i?i the iiill or row. 



After the corn is dropped, put in a small handful 

 of mixture of plaster and leaclied ashes. 



Plaster is always most etTicaclous on light and 

 thin soil — on meadow and clover ground, the ear- 

 lier it is sown the belter. 



Plaster when applied to cultivated ground, is 

 best when worked into the soil. 



Sowing it broadcast upon Indian corn after it is 

 up, ha-i increased the crop 25 percent. 



Every farmer should attempt the field culture of 

 root crops — he may raise as much cattle food from 

 one acre, as from five acres of meadow. 



Farmers who have rich soil, will succeed beat 

 witii mangel ^vurlzel, those wlio have sandy soil, 

 with ruta baga. TJiey should try both ; and by 

 no means neglect the cultivation of the Sugar 

 Beet. 



Sow garden crops in drills where practicable, in 

 order that the weeds may be cleared with ahoe. 



Different varieties of melons and squashes should 

 be ])lanted at the greatest possible distance in order 

 to prevent intermixing and crossing. 



Loosen the soil with a spade round fruit trees 

 growing in grass land. 



Examine the roots of the peacli trees and remove 

 all tbe grubs. Their presence is shown by the gum 

 oozing out. 



Take every opportunity of setting an ornamental 

 shrub or tree round your house or door yard — now 

 is the time — if you have any taste you will never 

 regri'tt it. — Genesee Farmer. 



