THE FARMER'S MONTIILY VISITOR. 



71 



frame of close wire netting or hair cloth, to exclude 

 flies antl otlier insects. 



Tlie i)i-oper receptacles fur milk are tin or eartli- 

 en pans, or wooden trays, notijlazed nor lined witli 

 lead. All dairy utensils ouglit to be most careful- 

 ly scoured, first with hot water, and afterwards 

 rinsed witli cold, and kept in an airy place, in order 

 that every possible degree of acidity may be remo- 

 ved. 



Slate, according tn some accounts, makes very 

 good nidk coolers : perhaps free stone, or even gran- 

 ite miglit answer well. Tlie pans ougJit never to 

 exceed three inches in depth. To set milk pans 

 made of tin in beds of salt would be useful where 

 the cellar is too warm ; and to set all milk vessels 

 on a floor which is constantly covered with cold 

 spring water, is also an excellent plan. The Penn- 

 sylvania farmers who furnish tlie Philadelphia mar- 

 ket with tlie best butter in the world, have in many 

 instances their cellars constructed over a living 

 spring, in whose waters the pans are set for raising 

 the cream. 



Churning ought to be regularly continued till 

 the butter comes or is formed. If the motion in 

 sammer be too quick, the butter will inconse- 

 quence ferment and become ill-tasted ; and in win- 

 ter it will go back. Churning, it is said, may be 

 made easier by putting the bottom of tlie pump 

 churn about one foot deep into a vessel of cold v/a- 

 ter, and continuing it there till the butter is made. 

 Dr. Anderson remarks, that a considerable de- 

 gree of strenifth as well as dexterity is required in 

 the working of butter. The thing wanted is to 

 force out the milk entirely, with as little turning 

 [working] of the butter as possible, for if the milk 

 be not entirely taken away, the butter will spoil 

 in a sliort time ; and if much worked, the butter 

 will liecome tongli and gluey, which greatly deba- 

 ses its qviality. 



Before butter is put into the vessels which arc to 

 contain it, great care must be taken that they be 

 well seasaiied by frequent washing and exposure to 

 ti)o air for two or three weeks As it is diflicnlt to 

 season new firkins, it will always be preferable to 

 employ those which have been used. The most 

 speedy metliod of seasoning firkins is by the use 

 of unslacked lime, or a large quantity of salt and 

 water, well boiled, with which they shoulo be re- 

 peatedly scrubbed, and afterwards thrown into cold 

 water, to remain there three or four days till want- 

 ed. They should then be scrubbed as before and 

 well rinsed with cold water; and before the butter 

 is put in, every part of the inside of the firkin must 

 be well rubbed with salt. 



Butter may be salted by working into it the salt 

 after the buttermilk has lieen forced out. The salt 

 should be thoroughly incorporated, and be of the 

 best and purest quality. Dr. Anderson, however, 

 recommc^ndi the following prtparation, which he 

 thinks imparts a richer and sweeter taste than 

 could be given by common salt alone : For every 

 pound ofl)utter take half an ounce of best com- 

 mon s.dt, one quarter of an ounce of loaf sugar, 

 and one quarter of an ounce of salt-pelre ; beat 

 and blend the whole coni]detely togetlier. Butter 

 cured with this should stand three or four weeks 

 before it is used, that the salt may be well mixed. 

 The souring of the milk before the cream is 

 gathered can hardly be prevented; but in the warm 

 season the milk ought not to be suffered to curdle 

 before gathering tlic cream. The cream should be 

 set in an open vessel ; and while it stands in an 

 airy position to receive niorp, should be often stir- 

 red v.'itb a stick or spoon. If the air shall not have 

 access to the cream, the butter will be_ white and 

 bitter, and will be long in churning. If a sufficient 

 quantity of cream can be had, the better practice 

 is to cliurn every day : tlie cream should be early 

 skimmed, and it'wiU be well to have the vessel 

 containing it immersed in cold water twelve hoars 

 before churning. 



most of the material for which they have hereto- 

 fore purchased at a high price in tlie State of Mas- 

 sachusetts. After our arrangements fur the pres- 

 ent season were made, one of the Cnnterbury 

 Bretliren broujjlit us a quantity of tlie seed, with 

 the request that we should try it on the Concord 

 intervale. We have planted to the extent of tliree 

 fourths of an acre. Land well prepared for Indian 

 corn is said to be prepared for tli,s; and seasons 

 that will produce Indian corn will produce the 

 broom corn. The corn is planted in drills, the 

 rows being at the distance of about four f(?et : the 

 ground should be generously manured and harrow- 

 ed or ploughed until the soil is well pulverized. It 

 is thought'the upland with a hard pan is not as 

 good for the production of broom corn as the deep- 

 er alluvion upon the rivers. 



From the Third Family at Canterbury, and by 

 the same hand that 'urnishcJ the broom corn, we 

 received several ears of the delicate corn which 

 when parched is as beautiful to the eye as it is 

 grateful to the palate : this parched corn is condu- 

 cive to the health of persons laboring under diffi- 

 culty of digestion and is at all times a welcome 

 condiment. 



With the parching corn were sent a few cars of 

 Rice corn raised last year at Canterbury. It is 

 more beautiful in the ear than any corn we have 

 ever seen, being transparent, and the kernels, con- 

 verging almostlo a sharp point, shaped somewhat 

 like the ear itself from foot to point. The corn is 

 of diminutive size : it is probably heavier than the 

 common Indian corn. Whether it is of better 

 quality, we are unable to say. The friend who 

 sent it writes us : "I planted one half gill of the 

 Rice corn on the 2.4th M.iy l^S.S, on four square 

 rods of ground ; it was harvested on the 8tli Octo- 

 ber. I had one and a half bushels of ears ; and on 

 shelling three pecks of the ears it measured nine- 

 teen quarts. I have no doubt there was produced 

 from the half gill whicli I planted, thirty-eight 

 quarts. Could this kind be adapted to our seasons 

 by selecting the earliest ears, I think it would be 

 a profitable kind of com for cultivation." 



We shall make use of the two kinds of corn for 

 seed, as also the various melon seeds from tlie same 

 source, hoping not only that the season may be pro- 

 pitious for raising all of them, but that the nightly 

 depredators have removed from the village who rob- 

 bed the melon ivrounds during tlie season of 1838. 



may be made upon the character of the 'true CJod;' 

 that by him sits the pcictand (lie eoiiimentator,who 

 swallows every wi)rd that is uttered from the desk, 

 and returns to write commentaries on the text 

 which shall at some future day, fill liis purse with 

 riches and the world wilJi ' celestial light;' that 

 here mry be found 'the k:i!g of England, the king 

 'of Heaven, the heir ajjparent to tJi • throne of 

 Prussia,' and the ' prophet over Albany, who speaks 

 from Jehovah,' and who daily expects the ' patroon' 

 to send him a coach with black horses to carry him 

 to his friends ; that here is also the military chief- 

 tain, the man of v.-ealth, ' the rich poor man and the 

 poor rich man,' and innumerable other characters 

 not less consequential ; that here also may be found 

 the laughing idiot, the perpetual jabberer, the gay, 

 the passionate, the depressed, a hundred individu- 

 als with the delusions, impulses, and propensities 

 of insanity so active as to be constantly obvious in 

 their conduct and conversation elsewhere, now lis- 

 tening with deep solemnity to the exhibitions of di- 

 vine truth, uniting with apparent devotions in the 

 fervent prayer and joining with pleasure in the song 

 of praise — I say, could all this fail to astonish him.' 

 Can an hour, twice on the Sabbath, spent in this 

 way, fail to make the most favorable impression on 

 the insane inindi'" 



Yankee (mil Sautkcrn Broovi Corn. — We men- 

 tioned a few days since, that a broom corn cultiva- 

 tor in Georgetown, D. C. had grown upon seven 

 acres, brush valued at $-2'7 and seed at $236, the 

 whole product being estimated at ljii.jl3, being 

 thought a great crop. Mr. Oliver Warner of Had- 

 ley has furnished as with the total of his broom 

 corn product on sixand a half acres last year,which 

 outrun our southern grower. The brush sold for 

 $51)3, and the seed, at '37 1-2 cts. per bush, brought 

 $1()8,75 — southern seed was estimated at 50 cts. 

 per busliel.— The total value of the products of 

 the six and a half acres being f 761, 75, gives an 

 excess of $248,75 in favor of Yankee fertility over 

 that of southern.— A'uJ(/i«m/i(67i, Muss. Courier. 



There is not, to our knov.'ledge, any broom corn 

 grown in the Merrimack river valley. The Shak- 

 ers at Canterbury manufacture excellent brooms. 



The IVIassachiisctts Luuatic Asylum. 



A great means of improvement to the inmates of 

 tills institution has been found in the services of 

 the chapel, on the Sabbath. In the highly inter- 

 esting report of the principal. Dr. Woodward, it is 

 stated that furious maniacs have been calmed down 

 and rendered apparently ration.al by the privilege 

 of attending church. We subjoin an extract from 

 the report : — 



" Some time in the winter, a young woman was 

 brought to the Hospital, whoso mind appeared per- 

 fectly demented ; she talked incessantly in tlie day 

 time and most of the night, and there appeared to 

 be no amendment in the case for a long time. One 

 Sabbath morning, v.'hile talking in her indistinct 

 and rapid manner as usual, I proposed to her to at- 

 tend chapel ; more to see what intiuence the prop- 

 osition would have upon her mind than from any 

 expectation that she would consent to go, or would 

 command herself if slic went. She expressed a 

 desire to attend, and was permitted ; she was per- 

 fectly silent ami quiet for the h'lur, made not the 

 least disturbance and returned regularly to her 

 room ; no sooner had she done so than she com- 

 menced talking again, and continued it till the hour 

 of service in "the afternoon. She attended again 

 in the same orderly manner, and continued to do so 

 for weeks, although the same disposition to talk 

 remained. She ultimately recovered, and the first 

 motive which was effectual to excite self control, 

 was the desire and determination not to disturb the 

 religious exercises of the Sabbath. The benefit of 

 one' hour of selt'-control in such a case, from such 

 a cause, is incalculable. It is needless to add eas- 

 es, if a stranger was to visit our congregation in 

 tlie chapel, be would at first discover little worthy 

 of observation ; he would find from one hundred 

 and fifty to two hundred people assembled togeth- 

 er, quietly seated, neatly dressed, resembling in all 

 respects an ordinary congregation. 



If, however, he was told that from eight to ten 

 homicides were mingled with the others, and four 

 times as many other individuals who, in their mo- 

 ments of excitement, had violated the public peace 

 or trampled on private rights when wholly irres- 

 ponsible ; that on his right hand sat the 'owner' of 

 all things, whose self complacency will not be 

 hkcly tiTbe disturbed by any ajiimadversioua which 



Effect of War on England. 



The national debt of England is more than three 

 thousand millions of dollars; a debt produced by 

 war. The interest on that debt, and the parts of 

 it which have been liquidated, amount to raore 

 than thirty thousand millions of dollars. And 

 what has she obtained in return for this vast amount 

 of capital? Where shall we look for the benefit 

 whicli she has derived from this incalculable ex- 

 pense .' Ask the depths of the ocean, and the sun- 

 ken fleet of Trafalgar and the Nile will answer. 

 She has gained the fame of making her " Lion" 

 roar over the vanquished Armada — of "letting 

 slip the dogs of war" upon the palmy shores of 

 Hindostan— of giving Wellington immortality up- 

 on the plains of Waterloo. And is this all? No. 

 It has erected monuments in Westminster Abbey 

 to the greatest butchers of our race that ever liv- 

 ed; it has written poverty upon the foreheads of a 

 majority of her laborers ; it h.as crushed the many 

 with burdensome taxes to honor the destroyers of 

 our race with a name ; a name, which, if society 

 understood its interests as it ought, would only 

 render its possessor detestable, contemptible. We 

 have only considered the eft'ect of war upon na- 

 tional prosperity. Infinitely more disastrous is it 

 in its consequences upon private than upon public 

 property, and infinitely more extensive. Whole 

 navies can better be sunk in the ocean, than the 

 poor man's house burned over his head by an in- 

 vadine- army. — War add to national wealth! in- 

 creasirthe national prosperity I Give me the money 

 that has been spent in war, and I will purchase ev- 

 ery foot of land upon the globe. 1 will clothe ev- 

 ery man, woman, and child in attire that kings and 

 queens would be proud of; 1 will build a school 

 house upon every hill side, and in every valley o- 

 ver the whole habitable earth ; I will supply that 

 school house with a competent teacher ; I will build 

 an academy in every town, and endow it; a col- 

 lege in every State, and fill it with professors ; I 

 will crown every hill with a church consecrated 

 to the promulgation of the Gospel of peace ; I will 

 support in its pulpit an able teacher of righteous- 

 ness, so that on every Sabbath morning the chime 

 on oite hill should answer the chime on another, 

 round the earth's broad circumference ; and the 

 voice of prayer, and the song of praise, should as- 

 cend like aauniversal holocaust to heaven. The 

 darkness of ignorance would flee before the bright 

 light of the sun of science ; Paganism would be 

 crushed by the fail of her temples, shaken to their 

 deep foundations by the voice of truth ; war would 

 not stalk over the land, trampling under his giant 

 tread all that is beautiful and lovely beneath the 

 sky. This is not fancy. I wish it was ; for it re- 

 flects upon tlie character of man. It is the darkest 

 chapter in human depravity thus to squander God's 

 richest blessings upon passion and lust. — Stcbbin's 

 Address. 



The Silk made at Lyons (France) amounts an- 

 nually to thirty millions of dollars in value. There 

 are, moreover, .50,0(10 bales of cotton (200 lbs each) 

 annually sold, about 20,000 bales of which are ma- 

 nufactured tl-xre. The hatters of Lyons annually 

 make 400,000 hats. Watches and jewelry to the 

 amount of one million dollars are annually sent a- 

 broad, to whicli may be added false jewelry valued 

 at 1,200,000 dollars, castings worth more than half 

 a million of dollars, and drugs v.-orth 800,000 dol- 

 lars. 



