Ijud recoinineiifled that iron cylinders tor print- 

 ing tilioiild be used instead of copper ones, to- 

 getlier with other precautions ; he had now clear- 

 ly ascertained that the discolorations were caused 

 by a sulphate ol' copper, resulting from the reac- 

 tion of the sulphur of the wool on a coppery 

 matter, and presence of which was accidental ; 

 and he pointed out the importance of these re- 

 sults to all dyers of woollen goods. M. Chevreul 

 further remarked, that the liit component sub- 

 stance of wool entered into it in the same pro- 

 portion as the oil which was added to it when 

 thoroughly dressed, in order to make it fit for 

 spinning. If any difference was found in tlie 

 weaving of wool when merely washed, and of 

 V ool thoroughly dressed, it must be accounted 

 for by the fat substance formed by the stearerive 

 and the tlaiererine not being so liquid as oil, and 

 by the former retaining in the wool a certain 

 quantity of earthy matter, very much subdivided, 

 which made the filaments hard to work. The 

 discovery of the sidphur remaining in the sub- 

 stance of the wool, and standing repeated pro- 

 cesses with various metallic oxides and alkaline 

 bases, and still adhcrmg to the wool after foin- 

 years' constant experimentation, was considered 

 by the Acadenjy as a circumstance highly curi- 

 ous. — Paris Paper. 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR. 



159 



Mou'toiiborottgh, Oct. I'ith, 1840. 

 Hon. Isaac Hill:— The lively interest that 

 you have heretolbre manifeste<l in relation to the 

 Indian corn crop, which holds such an important 

 rank in agriculture, induces me to furnish you 

 with some remarks on another year's experience 

 in raising Indian corn. As there are no society 

 premiiuns ofiered on crops the present year, there 

 would have been nothing to induce me to meas- 

 ure an acre of corn so exact, had it not been by 

 the request of Dr. C. T.Jackson, who has recent- 

 ly visited me and seeu my corn slanding in the 

 field. I have therefore been very exact in meas- 

 uring one acre of groimd before harvesting the 

 corn, and have personally attPiidcd in harvesting 

 and weighing the whole of the crop of which I 

 have sent you a fair specimen. 1 have made a 

 pretty correct estimate of the expense of manure, 

 and labor on the said acre of ground the present 

 year, which is as Ibllows : — 



Manure 40 loads, at $1 per load, $40,00 



Labor of drawing manure and spreading; 



days work, G,75 



Ploughing twice ; 6 days work and plough $1, 5,50 

 Harrowing twice; 2 days work, 1,50 



Planting ; 6 days work, $4,50, and seed corn, 



i hiishel 75 ets, 5,25 



Hoeing; 10 days work, r,50 



Topping stalks ; 4 days work, 3,00 



Harvesting ; 10 days work, 7,50 



Total, reckoning labor and board at > j^ „„ 



75 cents pel' day. ^ ' 



The crop of corn raised on the acre, is i^531 

 pounds, and estimating 70 (lonnds ibr a bushel, 

 makes 121 bushels and three pecks. Calculat'ng 

 the crop of corn to be worth .jslOO, and the fod- 

 der equal to two tons of hay, at .$10 per ton, .¥20 ; 

 estimating the acre belbre the manure was put 

 on at $50, and !fil20; interest .*3 for one year ad- 

 ded on to the $77, makes ,$80: deduct "the .$80 

 expense from the .$120 income, makes $40 nett 

 income, aiul the acre of land worth at least .$30 

 more than it was oneyear ago, which is in reality 

 $(J0 net income. Besides 5480 pounds of the 

 corn is neatly traced up for seed and is the finest 

 lot of seed 1 have ever had. 



Sui)posb I had cultivated the same acre of 

 giouiid in the ordinary way : say put on 10 loads 



ot manure, 



Plough and harrow once. 



Planting, $4,50 ; small seed, 50 cts. 



Hoeing, $7,.50, 



Tojiping stalks and harvesting $5, 



Interest on the land, .$3, 



$10,C0 

 3,50 

 5,00 

 7,50 

 5.00 

 3,00 



834,00 



The whole expense of cultivating } 

 in this way is 5i 



30 bushels of corn would be a tiiir estimate, 

 and fodder equal to one ton of hay, which would 

 make $40. Deduct the .$34 expense liom the 

 $40 inconie and we have .$(> nett income, and the 

 ' Mid not at all improved. Thus by adding 30 

 loiids of mai.ure and a little labor, we gain $60 

 iistej.d of $(i. 



The above estimate is a fair contrast between 



the two modes of cultivation, and shows the 

 great advantage of the one over the other. I 

 have raised over two hundred bushels of corn the 

 present season, and have about one hnndrtd 

 bushels of very fine seed. By the 8|>ecimen ol 

 corn which 1 have sent, you wMI see some eight 

 rowed, some ten, and some twelve. The two 

 ears braided together grew on one stock. I plant- 

 ed all eight rowed but the abundant increase ol 

 the crop increases the rows on the ear and shows 

 that improvement is still in progression. 



The specimen of wheat which I have sent yon 

 is the superior Siberian white bearded wheat. It was 

 sent to nie by Hon. H. L. Elswoith, from the Pa- 

 tent office at Washington. I have raised eight 

 bushels the present season, and I think it bids tail- 

 to be the best wheat ever cultivated in this part 

 of the countr\ . The straw is. bright as silver and 

 not liable to rust. It stands the drought better 

 than the tea wheat, is free from smut, and is 

 clear from any other grains. 

 Yours with much respect, 



JOHN BROWN, 2d. 



Boston, Oct. 16, 1840. 



Sib : — Agreeably to my promise, I will now 

 give you a statement of the quantity of butter 

 made at my farm in Rochester, Plymouth County, 

 Massachusetts. 



No. 1, is Young Sv, luley, an Jiyrshire cow of best 

 blood, imported by me in August, 1831'. She was 

 served in Scotland by a bull that took the first 

 premium at the Baileston Cattle Show, on the 7th 

 of June, 18-39. This premium was a massive sil- 

 ver medal, elegantly wrought, with £2 sterling 

 from Gen. Pyde Douglass, of Rose Hall, and £2 

 /i-oni the Society's funds. Swinley gave me a 

 beautiful heifer calf on the 20th of" March last ; 

 conunenced to make butter from her on the 26th 

 and continued up to the 10th of October. 



No. 2, a native co^v. She gave me a calf on 

 the 22d of May last, commenced to make butter 

 from her on the 28th, aud up to the 10th inst. 



No. 3, a native heifer raised on my farm. She 

 gave me a calf on the 18th of June, at which time 

 she was two ye.ir.s, two months, and 7 days old, 

 made butter tioin her up to lOtli inst. 



The two cows and heifers have brought up four 

 calves, and made 469 11-16 pounds of very supe- 

 rior butter. 



Very respectfully, 



Yom- obedient servant, 

 GEO. RANDALL, of New Bedford. 



Hon. Isaac Hill. 



—The following 

 (r«"j ("nr winter use. 



Preservation of Cabbages 

 niemuOB v»i* |»i ,.0^. , •...j, -...i.i,,, 



are the result of exiierience : 



The cabbages should be gathered before inju- 

 ry is done them by the severe fall frosts ; the 

 heavy outside leaves should remain on the stalk. 

 Fix a string or cord round the stump near the 

 roots, suspended from the sleepers with the heads 

 downward in a cool cellar, and they are ready 

 and fit for use at all times. Calfbages kept in 

 this manner retain all their peculiar flavor and 

 sweetness ; the whole virtue of the stump and 

 leaves is concentrated in the part which is used, 

 are li- ndy of access, occupy but little loom which 

 would he occupied by other |)urposes, and sel- 

 dom, if ever, rot ; the outside leaves wilt and con- 

 tract, and in time become qifite dry, which form 

 a sort of coaling that serves to exclude the air 

 from the inside of the head. 



Another method practiced by some, and high- 

 ly recommended, is to cut the head from the 

 stump, pack close in a sack, taking care to fill 

 up the vacancies with dry chaf^^", thereby exclu- 

 dinii the air, and keejt in a dry cellar. — Mbanti 

 Cultivator. 



Trial of Ploughs. — The interesting trial of 

 the skill of machinists in constructing ploughs, 

 look place on Tuesday Oct. 13, and was conduct- 

 ed imder the direction of the Conuuittee of the 

 State Agricidtural Society, consisting of John 

 Welles, Boston ; Henry Coduian, Boston ; John 

 Prince, Roxluny ; Isaac Aldeu, Bridgewater; 

 William Clark, jr., Northampton; Allen Putnam, 

 Danvers; John Phelps, Marlborough; Levi Lin- 

 coln, Worce.ster ; Hcnrv Cohuan, Boston ; Edward 

 Mills, Pittsfield. 



The |ircuiium of one hundred dollars for the 

 best plou^ii ihat will tian the sod ovci- and l;i) il 

 flat, regard being had to strength and excellentre 



of construction, ease of draft, and cheapness, was 

 awarded to Pronty & Mears ot Boston. For this 

 liberal gratuity there were eight competitors. 



1 he premium of seventy-five dollars, lower in 

 amount, but not second to the Ibrmer, for the best 

 plough ^vhich will lay the sod on edge, was be- 

 stowed on Charles Howard ol Hingham, who bore 

 away the prize lioni eight n\a\s.— }Urcesttr, Mass. 

 JE^s. 



The above decision has confirmed fully our 

 opinion of the best plough invented in the coun- 

 try. We were confident there could he no better 

 or more perfect plough than tliat presented us 

 last spring by our friend Prouty. We gained by 

 it, in breaking up six acres of sward land, fully 

 the price of the plough. — Ed. Visitor. 



Ijime. 



A Pennsylvania paper states that a Mr. Cald- 

 well, of Valley township, near Danville, raised 

 400 bushels of wheat from a field of land, the 

 past season. Five years ago the product of the 

 same field was but thirty biLshels. In the mean- 

 liine, Mr. C. has spread 1500 bushels of lime on 

 said land. Lime is not every where to be had 

 with the same ease, but on the other hand, it is 

 not every where wanted. Wliat is wanted, is 

 science enough, on the farmer's part, to know 

 when and where he has occasion tor it, and to 

 what extent. The Geological Reports are throw- 

 ing great light on these matters, and they are 

 disclosing, at the same lime, numerous new lo- 

 cations of valuable lime. 



Ten dollars saved.— A distinguished gentle- 

 man of Massachusetts informed us, that, being 

 about to erect a cottage farm house for the use of 

 a tenant, he made application to an architect in 

 his neighborhood, who said his price would be ten 

 dollars for the calculation and plan. In the mean 

 time the plan and calculation in the last Month- 

 ly Visitor came to hand ; and this exactly suited. 

 The next time he met the architect, on inquiry he 

 found he had not done his business, and said he 

 would be obliged to work on Sunday to do it. 

 The gentleman informefl the architect that he 

 need not trouble him further, as he already had 

 the matter at hand in the Monthly Visitor May 

 every reader of our unassuming journal derive at 

 once the benefit of ten dollars. It will hereafter 

 minister to our pride to reflect how much we have 

 saved, and how much we have put in the pockets 

 of our readers and patrons. All we ask of them 

 is, that whatever benefit they shall receive from 

 o\ir own and the labors of our corresjmndents, 

 beyond the price they pay for the jjajier, may be 

 rctin-ned to us by the efforts ol its patrons to e.\- 

 '' ••'" c iicidalion of th e next year. 



Greatest crop oj corn yet noticed. — We are pi„ity 

 confident that the islands of the Winnipiseogee 

 Lake in Ne\v Hami)sliire, will bear away the 

 l)almof the largest crops of corn the present year. 

 Capt. Pillsbury, upon the Derby farm, which em- 

 liraces the Caw island, has this year seveial acres 

 planted with the Golden .'r'ioux, being of the same 

 kind w itli the Diitton or PItinney corn. The corn 

 was ()!anted in hills at the distance ol two leet one 

 way by three feet tlie other. As the best method 

 of ascertaining the quantity of corn upon an acre, 

 Capt. Pillsbmy hasudoipted the more ceitain me- 

 thod of measuring by weigliL The whole weight 

 of a measured acre of the Golden Sioux corn, 

 upon Mr. Derby's farm, was 9216 jjounds : this 

 at 70 pounds to the bushel would measure 131 

 6-10 bushels to the acre. 



Of the species of Black oats, as high as 94 

 bushels to the acre without manure, were raised 

 on the fields uhich i>roduced the great crop of 

 last year. This is an extraordinary ciop tor the 

 present year. 



The average crop of wheat — larger than we 

 liaM! heard in the State the prc-sent season — was 

 34 bushels to the acre upon the Derby farm. 



Foy the Ibretoing inlormution we are indebted 

 to Doctor Jackson, the late Geologist, who has 

 visited the farms upon the Lake islands. Doctor 

 J. says, there is noihingin the soil of these islands 

 difteiing from that of the highland townships in 

 the vicinity. 



A letter received by the Caledonia, speaks of 

 a qu;iiitity ol flour just landed from an American 

 packet ship, hi-in- iiiji'ivdby having imbibed the 

 odor oMurpeiitine. 



