178 



THJb: FARMKR'S MONTHLY VISITOR- 



the maiitlc bar, ninke it good size — to contain at 

 least 144 s<|uare inches, and in no case reduce the 

 flue to a less number of inches than the tliroat 

 contains. If angles occur in the tlue, make them 

 larger across than the flue is at right angles, and 

 when enlarged, care should be taken that it is not 

 reduced again ; in addition to these, the flue 

 should be free from ])rojections and nnevenness, 

 should be plastered well and smooth from throat 

 to top. 



Adopting the principles here laid down in ex- 

 tended detail, I have had a large number of chim- 

 neys erected, in different locations and under dis- 

 advantageous circumstances, and not one has fail- 

 ed to be free from the usual objections to modern 

 chimneys. STEPHEN GILMAN, Arch't. 



Manchester, 1840. 



Fig. ith, is a section of a chimney, having one 

 side removed, and showing two fire-places and 

 two flues. 



Description : — No. 1 is a fire-place 3 ft. 8 inches 

 long, and 2 ft. 4 in. high, to the mantle bar, A ; 

 from the mantle bar to tlie throat, B, the distance 

 is 1 ft. (J in.; and diminishes by drawing in the 

 sides and carrying back the front of the chimney, 

 keeping the back of the fire-place perpendicular, 

 as in No. 2, A and B; in this example the tliroat 

 is 6 by 24 inches ; and is of sufficient size for or- 

 dinary rooms, and should not be smaller for any 

 room. D is the first angle in the flue, and should 

 in all cases be larger than the tlnoat or the fine 

 at right angles witli tlie sides, as at C ; the reason 

 for this will appear obvious by an examination of 

 Fig. 3d, at the angles in the fliic, and Fig. 1st, 

 showing the course of , the fluids in tlie ]iipe. Af- 

 ter passing the angle, D, the fitic is ki pt in full 

 size, and should not in any casr he reriliced small- 

 er than the throat, (144 sq. in.) In passing the 

 upper fire-place, if it is absohitely necessary 

 to contract the chimney for any cause, the 

 flue may be carried up partly in the angle of 

 the jamb, as seen in No. J. The size and form of 

 tlie throat is shown oh the i)lan of the fire-place 

 at B, No. 2 ; the dotted lines showing the contrac- 

 tion of the fire-place. 



Undoubtedly the best form for a flue in a chim- 

 ney, is the cyhnder, but ae this is not practicable 

 ■without great expense, the square and oblong 

 form must be made to answer the piirpo.se. Af- 

 ter observing the form illustrated in Fig. 4 ; the 

 following simple rule will ensure ii good cliim- 

 ney. Carry up the back of the fire-place jjcrpen- 

 dicnlar, contract the throat within two tcct alx)ve 



Hon. Isaac Hill, — Dear Sir: — While reading 

 rather u sharp conflict, this morning, between the 

 editors of the N. E. Farmer and Maine Cultivator 

 relative to the production of potatoes from the 

 stalk of the gilliflower, where it was contended 

 that nature employed only two methods in propa- 

 gating the potatoe, viz : — by seeds and tubers, I 

 was reminded of some facts which i'ell under my 

 observation last August, and which I intended to 

 connnunicate to you at the time, but have neg- 

 lected it till now. 



Early in August my boy informed nie that po- 

 tatoes were growing on the stalks fiir above 

 ground. 1 immediately went to the field and 

 found the facts as he had stated. Several stalks 

 in different hills were producing potatoes in this 

 (to me) new manner. I cut one of the best spec- 

 imens, even with the ground, brought it into the 

 house where it has been seen by hundreds of 

 people, and is now before me. Eight inches from 

 the ground one potatoe grew something larger 

 than a lien's egg. Eight inches above this grew 

 another, which now when very nuich wilted is 

 three and a half inces in circumference and near- 

 ly round ; two and a half inches above this sec- 

 ond potatoe grew a third one, now five and a half 

 inches round and rather oblong; six inches above 

 is another, five and one fourth round, being also 

 somewhat oblong. The stalk now extends six 

 inches above the upper potiitoe, where probjibly 

 12 or 15 inches of its former length has been 

 bt-bken off. The potatoes thus grown are of a 

 blue color, identical with those in the ground, an 

 early kind, fit for the table otten on the 25th of 

 July in this cold region. Perhaps this may be no 

 uncommon occurrence, yet to me and all others 

 with whom 1 have mentioned the subject it is new. 



With high respect, I am Sir, 



Your ob't. Servant, 



JOHN W. WEEKS. 



Laneaster, Dec. I3,18i0. 



Eliza. She married witli the liighcEt proapects ; but, from 

 a petvilantjpeevish, complaining disposition and negligence 

 every thing went wrong; and lier home became a place of 

 disquietude to her husband. To avoid this, he sought a 

 place to pass away vacant time, where, associated with 

 those more wicked than 'himseli', he contracted the habit 

 of intemperance, and all was lost — and poor Eliza was 

 thrown on the charity oi her tViends. 



Be pleasant and obliging to your neighbors — ready to 

 grant assistance when necessary. Be careful of their 

 characters, and do uotreadily believe an ill report. Throw 

 the mantle of charity over their failings, knowing that we 

 are human and liable to err. Abhor a tattler, and give 

 no place to the reports of such. However strong a prov- 

 ocation may be, never contend tor the last word. 



Let your Bible show that it is used. Give no place 

 to novels in your library. Let history, biography and trav- 

 els be read, when time and opportunity admit — without 

 interfering with the important duties of the family. Be 

 not ignorant of the events of the time being, therefore 

 read some journals of the day. 



As to tlie friends who may call on you — never be confu- 

 sed or in a hurry ; treat them with hospitality and polite- 

 ness, and endeavor to make them happy in their own way. 

 Never tease to do this or that which they do not prefer. 

 True politeness consists in an easy and pleasant deport- 

 ment, and making our friends easy, and permitting them 

 to enjoy themselves in that way which is most pleasing to 

 them. 



Speak with deliberation. The other sex tell us that 

 "the female tongue is never tired;" be it so : let it be regu- 

 lated by reason. 



At the close of the week, if possible, let all your work, 

 for the time, be done ; so thaton Sunday you may improve 

 your time in such a manner as will be appropriate to the 

 day, and never, eitraordinaries excepted, fetyour seat be 

 vacant at church. 



As to dress ; decency is becoming to all, but extrava- 

 gance opens a door to want ; follow the fashion of the day 

 as far as decency and good sense will approve, but avoid 

 singularity. Be not troubled for what you have not; be 

 thankful for, and take care of what you have. A Leghorn 

 hat loaded with flowers, will not cure the head-ache, nor 

 a gold watch prevent the consumption. — American Far- 

 vier. 



An intelligent correspondent at Kennebunk Me. has sent 

 us the following extract ; — 



Brother Jonathan's Wife's Advice to her 

 Daughter on theday of her Marriage. 



Now, Polly, as you are about to leave us, a few words 

 seem appropriate to the occision. Although 1 regret the 

 separation, yet I am pleased that your prospects are good. 

 You must not think that all before you are Elysian fields. 

 Toil, care and trouble, are tlie companions of frail human 

 nature. Old connections will be dissolved by distance, 

 by ^iine and death. New ones are formed. Every thing 

 pertaining to this life is on the change. 



,\ well-cultivated mind united v\'ith a pleasant, easy dis- 

 position, IS the greatest accompllshmenl in a I.-idy. I tiave 

 endeavored from the first to the present moment to bring 

 vou up in such a m'tiiiif-ras to form you tor future useful- 

 ness in Bocieiy. Woman was never made merely to see 

 and be seen ; but to fill an important space in the great 

 chain in nature, pianned and formed by tlie .\linighty Pa- 

 rent of the Universe. You have been educated in habits 

 of industry, frugality, economy and neatness, and in these 

 you have not disappointed me. 



It is for the man to provide, and for the wife to care and 

 see that every thing within her circle of movement, is 

 done in orderand season ; therefore let method and order 

 be considered important. .\ place for every thing and 

 every thing in time, are good family nioltos. 



A thorougli knowledge of every kind of business ap- 

 propriate to the kitchen, is indispensable, for without such 

 knowledge a lady is incapable of the management of her 

 own business, and is liable to imposition by her servants 

 everyday. Bui in those things you have been instructed. 



You ^viU be mistress of your own house.and observe the 

 rules in which you have been educated. You will endea- 

 vor above all tilings to make your fireside the most agree- 

 able pl.ire for the man of your choice. Pleasantry and a 

 happy disposition will ever be considered necessary to this 

 important end — but a foolish fondness is disgustinsr to all. 

 Let reason and common sense ever guide — these, aided by 

 a ple.isant, friendly disposition .render litis happy ; and with, 

 out these it is Hot desirable. Kmeinber your couejn 



For the Farmer's Monthly Visitor. 



Utility of select breeds of Cattle and Sheepa 



11 oodstock, JVew Brunswick, ? 

 Oct.. 17th, 1840. i 



My Dear Sir: — Having had the gratification 

 of reading your vei-y welcome " Visitor " for the 

 period of eighteen months past, I now afford my- 

 self the pleasure of informing you that I highly 

 appreciate the principle upon which it has been 

 and still is conducted, and referring to you the 

 hope I indulge, that, as these principles become 

 more fully developed, tlie object you have steadi- 

 ly kept in view will rot fail of being realized. 



The improvement of Stock and the best means 

 of effecting that improvement I regard as being 

 of great importance to this country. From this 

 conviction I have constantly observed the progress 

 made in the Eastern States as well as in the Pro- 

 vince, towards elevating the character of Stock 

 and Sheep in particular ; great numbers of whicli 

 I presume are kept by many of your farmers : 

 and with regard to these I cannot avoid express- 

 ing au opinion founded on my own oliservation 

 while traveling in various parts of the State of 

 Maine, that too little attention is p.-sid to those 

 iiighly valuable animals. I am well convinced 

 that the farmer who incurs expense and trouble in 

 carrying into effect prudent measures adojjted 

 tor the improvement of Sheep, will in the end be 

 well remunerated. On this subject I speak from 

 my own experience, having for the last seven 

 years devoted particular attention to this object, 

 and I have now the satisfaction of being amply 

 rewarded for all my trouble and the cxjiense 1 

 had incurred. 



My flock of Sheep (my own impoilation) are of 

 the Dishley and Devonshire breeds, of which I 

 winter about fifty. Last season, forty-one of these 

 were breeding ewes. The fleeces shorn Irom 

 the flock averaged 6 6-16 lbs. of unwashed wool. 

 I raised fifty Lambs ; and I am assured that a 

 finer flock of lambs cannot be produced in Amer- 

 ica. 



I find a ready sale for the Bucks at .$10 each 

 With these facts before me, 1 conceive that all 

 the difficulties in the iinprovement of the neces- 

 sary and valuable part of farm stock may be sur- 

 mounted by industry and perseverance, and the 

 farmer abundantly repaid for his laudable exer- 

 tions. Should any of your readers visit this part 

 of the country, I shall "experience much pleasure 

 in affording them an opportunity of seeing my 

 flock, and iiarlicularly the sheep already spoken 

 of. I atTi, dear sir, yours, very truly, 



CHARLES PERLEY. 



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