14 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



[No. 1. 



months ol' July, Auorist and September, that it 

 would prove an antidote to bilious Itiver, in a a'reat 

 measure. Our soil and climate produce this vege- 

 table in great perfection. A square in a garden, 

 ot about tour hundred s(]uare yards, (or twenty 

 yards square) would yield a peck, or half bushel 

 daily, through the tomato season. If tiie soil is 

 made extremely rich, and the plants are set four 

 ieet apart in the row, and the rows are four and a 

 haifleet distant, the produce will be fully a bushel 

 a day, provided a variety of irood size is cultivated. 

 The best mode of getting the plants, that I have 

 tried, is to sow the seed in a rich bed, in drills, 

 about tlie usual time for sowing colewort seed. 



G. 



Extract from tlic British Farmers' Magazine, July 18^0. 

 AGRICUr^TURAL SCflOOLS. 



That the wellare of England is bound up with 

 her agriculture, must be maniliv-^t, on a moment's 

 reflection, to all who have not h:id their brains ad- 

 dled by the economistes. It is, therelbre imj)era- 

 tive by the duty ol those who have power, to en- 

 deavor to make ouragricidture as perltjct as possi- 

 ble. With such view, i have projjosed agricultural 

 schools. 



In 1790 a proposition for a system of national 

 education, which embraced a<;riculiural schools, 

 was submitted to the National Assembly ol' 

 Franoe. But the author of the projet does not 

 appear to have seen his wa}^ very clearly as to 

 the education required, and I believe the scheme 

 fell llirough as much from the imperlection of 

 plan as anything else. " Dans chaqiie canton,'" 

 lie says, "il faut im instituteui rural, et peut-etre 

 ■deux, oil trois quatre. Dans chaque muiiicipaliie, 

 il faut un lieu vaste, convert et lerme; la I'institu- 

 teur, (loiinera ses leeotis. Lire, ecrire. a|tprenilre 

 a niesurer et a culliver Iss champs; Iravailler sur 

 ses metiers, liiire des bas, des toiles ou des eioffes ; 

 apprendre la morale de Feuangile, la morale de 

 notre sainte religion, la declaration des droits de 

 I'homme et la constitution ; manier les amies, fiiire 

 <les evolutions militaires. Tels seront les exercises 

 des jeunes gens des campagnes, jusqu 'a l'a<iedes 

 15 ans." 



In Switzerland there are agricultural schools in 

 activity, and others springing up in every direc- 

 tion. The schools at Hoi'wyl, near Berne, and at 

 Carra, in the neighborhood of Geneva, are, or 

 were, the most c(;mplele. To JVlonsieur de Fel- 

 lenberg, the Swiss will ever have to be grateful : 

 such men, when we think of them, almost cause 

 us to tbrget we are on earth. There is much of 

 whimsicality, however, in the mantigement of the 

 schools ; and much is, or seems to be, neglected, 

 that should not have been. " The establishments 

 at Hoi'wyl are of a very extensive description. 

 About four hundred and fifty individuals are there 

 collected together, and although divided into five 

 distinct classes, with distinct objects in view, they 

 Ibrm but one whole, of which each class forms a 

 necessary part. 1. The institute for about one 

 hundred lads of the higher ranks of lile, from the 

 different European nations. 2. The school of 

 llie middling classes. 3. The poor school lor 

 for boys. 4. The poor school tor Lnrls. Add to 

 these, the work shops, where agricultural ma- 

 chines, uud everything tor the use of the dificrent 

 eetablishiueatSj are manuliictured ; and a farm 



conducted upon the most approved principles of 

 husbandry. The object of the ibunder. in thus 

 bringing togetlier the youth of every class of soci- 

 ety, not, indeed, under one roof, but in one little 

 colony, is tw(jt()ld : — 1st, To give the wealthier 

 such a knowledge and interest in the poorer clas- 

 ses, that they may lei-rn that not only the wellare, 

 but the very existence of the slate, depends upon 

 this necessarily largest portion of the community. 

 'I'hat this is the base of the social fabric, and if it 

 be not solid, the superstructure, however s[)lendid, 

 must soon be precipitated in ruins: — anti 2ndlyy 

 That the poorer, Irom dail}' seeking research and 

 scientific investigation, such as they cannot spare 

 time to make, produce results of the greatest utili- 

 ty to all ; and i'lom the daily enjoyment of kindly 

 intercourse with persons of refined manners, bene- 

 volently disposed towards themselves, may learn 

 to look up toihe richer with aflection and respect, 

 instead of distrust at d jealousy ; while they leel a 

 moral qertitude of being able, by the means of 

 well-directed labor, themselves of attaining a 

 higher s[;here in society. Jii ilie iiisliivle, study 

 is the labor, and bcdHy occupaiun the. i ernuiiera- 

 tinn J but in the paor school, bodily occiipciion is 

 (he labor, study the recreation. As bodil}' labor is 

 to tbrm the ;!rin('i[)al occcupation of the poorer 

 boys throughout lile, Irom childhood should ihey 

 be hidiituated to it. Accordingly, to irive them a 

 habit of perseverance and skill, bodily labor is one, 

 indeed the grand, mean of education. For ten 

 hours a day do the boys labor in the fields or 

 work shops, each performing work suitable to his 

 age, strength, and ability. I liave seen them at 

 all hours, and never did I behold workmen more 

 intent upon their duty. The master, the indeliiti- 

 gable Verghli, labors with them, instructing them 

 in their duly, and at the some time seizing every 

 opportunity to o|)en their e)es to nature; any ex- 

 traordinary production they may meet with is put 

 on one side liir examination when the day is done. 

 As all they learn has a relation to the objec's by 

 which they are surrounded, the mind is continual- 

 ly interested wliile at labor in the practi( a! a| pli- 

 cation of what they have learned. But giving 

 the habit of labor is not suflicient. A man who 

 labors tor another, without himsell' having an in- 

 terest in doiiiir so, is a slave. It is, therelore, ne- 

 cessary that they should have some opportunity 

 of directly and palpably perceivinir the profits of 

 what they do ; and conseciuently etich lad has a lit- 

 tle garden to himsellj which he cultivates lor hi.s 

 own advantage, and disposes of the produce to 

 the establishment, which either pays him the mo- 

 ney, or pernuts him to [)lace it at interest in a lit- 

 tle bank, which has been established tor the fiur- 

 pose. Several have sums of considerable amount 

 collected there. The connexion between labor 

 and property beinff thus early instilled, not so 

 much by precept as by practice, and the habit of 

 patient labor so thoroughly acc|uired there would 

 be little danger of persons thus brought up being- 

 seduced li'om pursuing their own interesis by any 

 of the allurements ol the world. But as the man 

 who labors without knowledge will expend much 

 lime to little purpose; and the man who labors 

 wiihout having had ihe moral and religious senti- 

 ments cultivated, would do so merely for the sake 

 of animal gratification or self-[)reservatiim ; to im- 

 prove the means, there must be knowledge ; to 

 ennoble the end must be morality and religion. 



