90 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



[No. 2 



sary arul domestic purposes. It is an annual herh, 

 named Mam-tiUa in Bengal; and, as all the planis 

 of that tribe readily habituate themselves to our cli- 

 mate, it is capable ofbeiiiy made a valuable addi- 

 tion to our oleaninous seeds. 



BONE MANURE. 



The attention of the purchasers of crushed bones 

 is called to the fact, that at this present nioinent the 

 whole of the refuse from the glue yards of Scotland 

 and Newcastle is imported into Hull for the purpose 

 of grinding up with bones. It is a manure, I admit, 

 but. of very iiilerior value to bones, usually bouixht 

 at Is per bushel; the present price ol" bones, 2s 6c/ a 

 bushel, holds out great inducements to adulterate. 

 When you purchase crushed bones, let the mer- 

 chant be asked the question (on oath) vvhether 

 thev are mixed with saw-dust, scrapings of ware- 

 houses, refuse of glue yards, &c. The farmers of 

 Lincolnshire, convinced of the facts above slated, 

 are this year buying the bones uncrushed, and 

 hiring portable mills tor the breaking of theni. It 

 is intended to publish the names of the parties to^ 

 whom vessels are consigned for the purpose of 

 cheating the farmer. — \_Ib. 



BREAD FOR CATTLE AND HORSES. 



Experience has proved in Sweden that one ton 

 of oats make lour hundred and eighty loaves, on 

 which a horse may be better kept (at the rate of 

 two loaves a day) for two hundred and forty days, 

 than if he had "had six tons or even more of raw 

 oats. The husk of the oat remains mixed with 

 the flour; the wei<xht of the water used in making 

 the dough is jiained, and a great deal of water is 

 necessary. With a given quantity of wheat flour. 

 without the husk, a quantity of bread is made for 

 the use of man, weighing more than the raw grain 

 liiith the husk. On the other hanti, a less weight 

 of bread than of oats should be ^iven to horses, 

 because the bread is more nourishing, especially 

 if rye be mixed with the oats. It has been calcu- 

 lated in Sweden, that after all expenses have been 

 taken into consideration, a great saving is eff'ected 

 by feeding the horses on bread made of oats and 

 rye. They never give them hay without mixing 

 It with two-thirds of chopped straw, and adding 

 bread broken up. The better to preserve this 

 bread, it should be made in the shape of cakes; 

 and if it be prepared like biscuit, it will keep very 

 long without losing its nutritive qualities. — [76. 



USE OF HUMAN BONES. 



Many tons of human bones are every year sent 

 from London to the north, where they are crushed 

 in mills, contrived lor the purpose, and used as ma- 

 rure. Yet, with all this clearance, the number of 

 the dead increases in such frightful disproportion to 

 the space which we allot for them, that the ques- 

 tion has been started, whether a sexton may not 

 refuse to admit iron coffins into a burial-place; be- 

 cause, by this means, the deceased take a lee sim- 

 ple in the ground, which was only granted for a 

 term of years. A curious expedient has been 

 found to anaivver at Shields and Sunderland. The 



ships which return to these ports with ballast were 

 at a loss where to discharge it, and had ol'late years, 

 been compelled to f)ay lor the use of the ground on 

 which they threw it out. The burial g.>-ounds were 

 full: it was recollected that the ballast would be use- 

 lul there, and accordingly it has been laid upon one 

 layer ol' dead to such a depth that graves Ifir a se- 

 cond time arc now dug in the new soil. — [/6. 



From the Bath and Chcltenliam Gazette. 

 WATER TANKS. 



At the late meeting of the Cornwall Polytech- 

 nic Society, a description was given of nine tanks, 

 which had proved eminently useful during the late 

 three dry suiimiers on the Sussex properly of Da- 

 vies Gilbert, Eso., the President of the Society. 

 As these tanks are cheaply and easily constructed, 

 and not liable to decay like wooden vessels, and 

 as rain enough fills on every house in England 

 lor the use of the inhabitants, no family would be 

 deficient in good soft water, who made a tank 1o 

 retain it ; and such tanks being paved over, take 

 up no room. 



The tanks of East Bourn vary in size: one of 

 less than seven If-et deep and wide his served 

 two laborers' lamilies ((>r three jears; whilst most 

 of the st)rinrrs in the neighborhood wen^ dry. 



A tank 12 leet by 7 had sutiplied with water a 

 large finiiil}' anil six horses. This was smrounded 

 by only 4.^ inches brick-work resting solid against 

 the sides, in consequence of being smaller at the 

 bottom than hiLi'her up; and the dome is con- 

 structed on the Egyptian plan, by projecting hori- 

 zontally each row of materials one-thiid of their 

 length beyond those below, and filling up the 

 back with earth as it proceeded, to balance the 

 weight of this projecting masonry. 



At the East Bourn workhouse for fourteen par- 

 ishes, a tank has been made 23 leet dee[) by 11 

 wide, of the roughest materials, being only flint 

 stones, and though they require more mortar than 

 if they had been regularly shaped, only 90 bushels 

 of lime were allowed, includinir two coats of plas- 

 ter, and the workmanship is executed like field 

 walls at 10s. per 100 square feet ; the only essen- 

 tial being that iio clay he used (which worms 

 bore throvgh,) and that the lime, or Parker's 

 cement be good. 



A current of air is said to promote the purity of 

 water in tanks, and this is easily effected by the 

 earthenware or other pipe which conveys the rain 

 from the roof, being six or eight inches in diame- 

 ter and an opening left for the surplus water to 

 run away; and where prevailing winds do not 

 blow soot and leaves on the house, the water 

 remains good, even for drinking, without clearing 

 out the rubbish more than once a year; but in 

 some cases filtering by ascension may be found 

 useful, and be effected by the water being delivered 

 by the pipe at the bottom of a cask or other vessel 

 from which it cannot escape till it has risen through 

 the holes in a board covered with pebbles, sand, or 

 powdered charcoal. 



Upwards of twenty laborers' gardens have 

 been watered by the rain which formerly injured 

 the public road, and was therefore turned into a 

 sink-well, which sink-well was enlarged and sur- 

 rounded by nine-inch masonry, and the water is 

 drawn up by a cast-iron curb. This water was 



