1837] 



FARMERS' REGISTER. 



221 



mainly, it results from too low wages, proclucinrr 

 undue modes of subsislence — this |)roducinn: de- 

 terioration ol' the soil — and I'rom the uiuiue pro- 

 portions of oecupaiion, this pmdiicinsx want of 

 rmplovment — all these prodncinj^ and increasinir 

 each other, lleiife, as we bn>al( the Itnvs of na- 

 ture, we suffer iu'cordiniil)-. The faw« of our or- 

 (Taniziition must be observed — ;\nd wiih which the 

 laws iioverainij the production ol'Iboil, are in strict 

 and exact accordance. 



Man, is orijanized to subsist upon animal and 

 vegetable lood, in all their varieties, in certain pro- 

 portions. The production of tiiod is in accordance 

 with that orirnnization; its full and perfect produc- 

 tion, being in tlie order of its legitimate consump- 

 tion. 



Those crops which return the most vegetable 

 matter, and animal manure, to the soil, are requir- 

 ed to be jrrown in by far the largest proportions; 

 those which return the least, in the smallest. All 

 existinjj and previous practice have been more or 

 less the reverse. 



Grass crops are required to be grown the most, 

 according to the oriranization of man, and the cor- 

 resfiondinix true and legitimate laws of vegetation, 

 and the production of food. Their varieties are 

 the most numerous; their period of ripening", is the 



We cannot cultivate this crop, and reject others, 

 as we" please, with impunity and success. We 

 must cultivate them all according to soil, climate, 

 and situations, and as ilie wants of man require 

 liiem in accordance with his or<fanization. Tlie 

 laws of vesjetation are in strict accordance with the 

 laws of man's mode of subsistence. The iood of 

 man, beinir duly cultivated in this order, each crop 

 a li'ords/ certain proportionate means of increasing 

 the productiveness of the succeeding ones, anci 

 with the greatest possible economy of labor and 

 time. The chain of these laws nmst be preserved 

 entirf and unbroken. The more "they are devclop- 

 e.(l, the more beautiful, simple, and pericct they will 

 be found to be. All crops are lor the use of mail, 

 directly, or indirectly, and they must all be culti- 

 vated.' As'they are cast aside, so will the system 

 of agriculture be delective .and deranged. In all 

 we (]o, we must begin with ftist principles; as we 

 tail to dQvelope these, we lall into error. 



All crops are required to be trrown in the exact 

 proportions as they possess the power of increas- 

 ino; the fertility ol" the soil. Grass, and cattle crops 

 possess this power in the highest degree — nianu- 

 liicturing crops, the least. 



Grass crops, duly cultivated, supersede the ne- 

 cessity for the growth of weeds. Weeds are for 



loncrest; they endure the 'lonsest in the soil; their 1 the purpose of restoring to a certain extent, the 

 cultivation is the cheapest, and most economical; Mnst lertility of the soil, when unduly cultivated, 

 and, above all, they return by flir the most vege- j They increase, as that cultivation is deiective m 

 table matter, and animal manure, together, to j principle. The difierent kinds, likewise, indicate 

 the soil. And. more especially, compared with the state and condition of the soil, and what im 



other crops, if the produce is removed from the 

 soil, they still return, infinitely the most vegetable 

 food, to the soil, of all other crops. In this, con- 

 sists their great essential, indispensable, and most 

 important value, and superiority. Most other crops, 

 with the exception of root crops, consumed on the 

 land, return only a little straw to the soil. 



Those crops which return nnthing to the soil, as 

 flax, hemp, tobacco, &c., are required to he grown 

 in the smallest proportions. Cotton, sutrar, &c., 

 in larger proportions. Wheaf, barley, &c., in still 

 larger. Grass, roots, and fjreen straw (or cattle) 

 cro[)s combined, are required to be grown the 

 most — they beinjr the main essential means and 

 principles of ferUlity. Grass is required to be 

 grown the most of all, being the most ferfilizintr 

 and the most economical of all crops, under all 

 circumstances, and is the most required for cattle, 

 sheep, and horses, to supply and maintain the legit- 

 imate wantsofman, and the due fertility ofthe soil. 



The more the legitimate wants of man require 



provement it requires. They are of material as- 

 sistance to the bad and ignorant farmer, and sure 

 and essential guides to the intelligent and improv- 

 ing one. 



The laws of pnpiilnlinn, subsistence, production 

 ol"food, and occupation, are all in exact, just, beau- 

 tiful and harmonious proportion and accordance 

 with each other. 



The Maithusian theory implies that the Crea- 

 tor has let! a part of his laws defi^ctive and erro- 

 neous; and that man has the power to remedy and 

 correct them— but only by outraging other laws. 

 This cannot be. It is impossible that the irloomy, 

 appalling, and disheartening theory of Malthus. 

 can be inherently true. But it is Obviously true, 

 as long as the laws of subsistence, occupation, and 

 production of food, are outraged, neglected, and 

 broken. 



Malthus only saw the law of population in force; 

 he did not see "that the laws of subsistence, of the 

 production of food, and of occupation, were broken, 



a crop to be removed immediately, directly,' and I nr unduly observed. Hence, all h\s fiicts are de 

 remotely Irom the soil, the less bulky it is, and the ' duced from the existence of actual decreasing pro 



less vegetable matter and animal manure it returns 

 to the soil; and, therefore, in the same less propor- 

 tion is it required to be grown; and, hence, grass 

 and cattle crops, are required to be grown the 

 most, and they are organized to be so. Grass 

 crops are the most economical of all crops in their 

 cultivation. If consumed on the land, their cost 

 of cultivation is comparatively nothing, and they 



duction of food, with increase of population— iience 

 the real truth of his theory, under these conditions 

 of society. If all these la\vs are duly observed, the 

 increase of population becomes the means ol in- 

 crease of food. As they are unduly observed, de- 

 creased production of food attends increase of pop- 

 ulation. 



That the law of the production and increase of 

 food, should be, and is, in exact, just, and harmo- 



are the most fertilizing — therefore, they are re , , , ... . 



quired to be the most grown. One-fifth ofan acre nious accordance with the law of the prodijction 

 will supply an individual with bread; four, five, or and increase of population— itj/zen, the laws oj sub- 

 six acres are required to supply the same Individ- sistence and occupation are duly and legitimately 

 ual with animal food. In something like these observed— is obviously a principle m most beaute- 

 proportions, are the different crops required to be i ous harmony with all the other laws ol the Lre- 

 grown, according to their fertilizing and non-ferti- ator. Being the noblest and most important, a 

 lizing properties. I part of the universal system and principle, that 



