344 



F A R M E R S' REGISTER. 



[No. 6 



£. s. d, 

 175 do. buck-wheat, 



at 2s. 6d. 21 17 6 



100 do. potatoes, 



Is. 6d. 7 10 



Roots and oilier vege- 

 tables, 6 



£ 126 2 6 

 "Two cattle raised annu- 

 ally, 4 

 One horse, worth 1 /. at 



3 years old, 5 



Eijjlitlambs, at 10s. each, 4 

 Wool of 12 sheep, 36 lbs. 



at 2s. 3 12 



Pork, 1400 lbs. at Sd. 17 10 

 Poulfrv, in value, 3 



Hay, 30 tons, at 3/. 90 



Dairy. 

 Eight cows, 

 Six calves, at 20s. 



each, £6 



(Men fallow, 2 



calves raised) 

 Butter,* 832 lbs. 



at Is. Sd. 52 



Cheese, 100 lbs. 



al 6d. 2 10 



,Ag to ofTal, milk, 

 &c. except a small 

 part lor the tiinii- 

 ly, it is consumed 

 by the calves and 

 pig's, and account- 

 ed in their value. 

 Flax, 150 lbs. at 7rf. £4 

 Deduct one half Ibr 

 expenses of break- 

 ing and hackling, 2 



60 10 



7 6 



3 9 



Add 4 bushels 

 at 5s. 



seed. 



2 3 9 



1 

 3 



£316 



S 9 



18 3 



Balance against farm, 4 13 9 



£321 12 9 



N. B. — About eight bushels of wheat per acre, 

 is a full allowance for the better kind of farms in 

 these parts. Some do not yield six ; and eight 

 out of ten do not come up to eight bushels per 

 acre. The farms 1 have selected sow Irom 16 to 

 20 acres, winter grain. The average of active 

 crops is, however, less than eight bushels to the 

 acre. 



VALUE OF FARM. 



Two hundred acres, at 1600Z. Pennsylvania 

 currency. 



Kindfi of land. 

 Arable and pasture, 152 acres, 



Meadow, 18 do. 



* Take accidents, and the proportion of cows in 

 milk, to those not so, 2 lbs. of butter per week, is the 

 average through the year. 



30 do. 



20 



30 



700 



Woodland, 



y/iinual product. 

 Wheat, 

 Rye, 

 Oats, 



Indian cornj 

 Barley, 

 Buck-wheat^ 

 Potatoes, 



Other roots and vegetables, in value, 6/. 

 Cattle increase, 

 Horses, do. 

 Sheep, do. 

 Hogs (weight,) 1400 lbs. 

 Poultry, in value, 31. 



Tobacco, 



Cords of wood consumed as fuel 

 Hay (tons,) 



Dairy (butter and calves, 6 calves,) 

 Flax, 150 lbs. 



Belmont, (6 rrtihs from Philadelphia,') > 

 June 20, 1792. < 

 Sir: 



I shall be happy if I can assist in solving Mr. 

 Yotuig's queries; but the time will not admit 

 either of accuracy, or the combinations necessary 

 to form the average of labor, building, or improve- 

 ment, applicable to the state at large. From Mr. 

 Young's calculations, Ibrmed, I presume, upon 

 communications ti-om you, I am surprised to find 

 that the prices of laborj and quantity of product, 

 are, in a great degree, similar to those of this 

 statCj thougli you seem to have confined yourself 

 to Virginia anil Maryland. I mean the labor and 

 wages of hirelinirs; tor, as to slaves^ I have but a 

 very ini))erleci, and you a perfect knowledge, of 

 what concerns their value, expense and labor. 



1st. Our wages Ibr hrrelinijs, by the day, arc 

 commonly 2s.* m winler, and 2s. 6d. nine months 

 in the year, Ibr common days- work on a larm, and 

 every thing found, as to eating and drinking. The 

 same man will hire, and find bimseli; at 3s. and 

 3s. Grf. per day ; Ibr a reaper 3s. to 3s. 9rf. and 

 found; and the same for cutting grass ; reaping, 

 by the acre, I have never had done under 5s. ^ but 

 the price generally 7s. Qd., the laborers finding 

 themselves. Neither reaper nor mower will, on 

 an average, do more than three-fourths of an 

 acre. Mowers, per day, are allowed here a pint 

 of rum or other spirits — a vile and unnecessary 

 practice. Reapers have as much as they choose, 

 perhaps three half-pints per day ; but this prac- 

 tice is yearly diminishing. When F say that a 

 reaper or mower will do three-fourths of an acre, 

 [ mean of a common crop ; for in heavy grain or 

 grass, such as good Englisli crop, no laboror here 

 will reap or mow above half an acre. As to 

 mowing, or what we call cradling grain, we pay a 

 man 5s. to 6s. per day, and found ; and the day's 

 work about the same with Mr. Young's state- 

 ment, viz. two or two acres and a half per day. 

 Mowing per acre 5s. to 6s. and a pint of rum. 

 Laborers find themselves food. 



2d. The hire of a wagon, four horses, and dri- 

 ver, from 15s. to 20s. per day. 



3d. The yearly hire of a good laborer in Penn- 

 sylvania I think 60 dollars, or 22Z. 10s. currency, 

 and found, clothinir excepted. 



* Here and throughout, estimate the dollar at 7o. Gd. 



