JS37] 



FARMERS' REGISTER, 



491 



thought to be ineligible until the ground is much 

 improved,) in rows, 6 feet by 4, or 7 li^et by 3^, 

 the wide part open to the south. These hills are 

 to bo manured as highly as the means will admit ; 

 and the corn planted every year in the middle ol 

 the rows of the preceding j'ear ; by doing which, 

 and mixinij the manure and earth by the plough 

 and other workings, the whole in time will be en- 

 riched. 



The washed and gullied parts of" this field 

 should be levelled, and as much improved as pos- 

 sHile, or left uncultivated. Althou<j;h it is .more 

 broken than some of the other fields, it has its 

 advantages. 1st. It has' several inlets extendiiig 

 into it, with easy ascents therefrom. 2dly. It is 

 convenient to the mud 'in the bed of the creek, 

 whensoever fby means gf the scow) resort is had 

 thereto, and good landmg places ; and; 3dly, it is 

 as near to the barn as any other, when a bridge 

 and causeway shall be made over the spring 

 branch. To these may' be added, that it is more 

 remote from squirrels than any other. 



Nos. 6 and 7, or such part thereof as is not so 

 much washed or guliied, as to render ploughing 

 ineligible, are to be fallowed for wheat. One of 

 which, if" both cannot, is to have the stubble 

 ploughed in and sown with rye, and the low and 

 strong parts to have timothy or orchard-grass 

 seeds, perhaps both, in different places, sprinkled 

 over them, for the purpose of raising seed. ' On 

 ther3^e pasture the^sheep are to be fed in winter 

 and spring, and treated in all respects as No. 3, in 

 ISOO. 



Ill the years 1802, 1803, and so on. 



The corn ground remaining the same, two 

 fields, in the followmg numbers, will be fallowed 

 Tor wheat, and treated in all respects as 'mentioned 

 above; and if pumpkins, cymlins, turnips, peas, 

 and such like growth, are found beneficial to the 

 land, or useful and pi:ofiiab!e for stock, ground 

 may readily be found lor them. 



These are the great outlines of a plan,- and the 

 operations of it, for the next year, and for years to 

 come, for the River Farm. The necessary arrange • 

 ments, and all the preparatory measures for carry- 

 ing it into effect ought to be ado^jted without' 

 delay, and invariably pursued. Smaller matters 

 may, and undoubtedly will, occur occasionally, 

 but none it is presumed, that caii militate against 

 it materially. 



To carry it into effect advantageously, it becomes 

 the indispensable duty of him, who is etnployed to 

 overlook and conduct the operations,4o take a pro- 

 spective and comprehensive view of the whole 

 business, which is laid before him, that the several 

 parts thereof may be so ordered and arranged, as 

 that one sort of work may follow another sort in 

 proper succession, and without loss of labor or of 

 time ; for nothing is a greater waste of the latter, 

 and consequently of the former, ftime producing 

 labor, and labor money,J than shifting from one 

 thing to another before it is finished, as if chance, 

 or the impulse of the moment, not judgment an(i 

 foresight, directed the measure. It will be ac- 

 knowledged, that weaiherand othercircumstances, 

 may at times interrupt a regular course of proceed- 

 ings, but if a plan is well dijjested beforehand, ihf*y 

 cannot interfere long, with a man who is acquaint- 

 ed with the nature of the business, and tlie crops 

 he is to attend to. 



I , Every attentive and discerning person, who has 

 the whole business of the year laid before him, and 

 is acquainted willx the nature of the work, can be 

 at no loss to lay it out to advantage. He will 

 know that there are many things which can be 

 accomplished in winter as well as in summer; 

 others, that spring, summer, and autumn only are 

 fit lor; in a word, to use the wise man's saying, 

 that •' ih^re is a time and a season for all things." 

 and that unless they are embraced, nothing will 

 thrive or go on smoothly. There are many 

 sorts of ill-doors work, which can be executed in 

 hail, rain, or snow, as well as in sunshine ; and if 

 they are set about in fair weather, (unless tliere 

 be a necessity for it,) there vyill be nothing to do 

 in foul weather ; the people.therefore must be idle. 

 The man of prudence and foresight will always 

 keep these things in view, and order his work ac- 

 cordingly, so as to suTler no xvaste of time or idle- 

 ness. The same observations apply with equal 

 force to frozen ground, and to ground too wet to 

 work in, or which, if worked, will be injured 

 thereby. 



These observations might be spun to a greater 

 length, but they are sufficient to produce reflection; 

 and reflection, with industry and proper attention, 

 will produce the end that, is to wished. 



There is one thing, however, I cannot forbear 

 to add, and in strong terms; it is, that v/henever I 

 order a thing to be done, it must be done; or a 

 reason given at the 'time, or as soon as the imprac- 

 ticability is discovered, wliy it cannot be done, 

 which vyill produce a countermand or change. 

 But it is not for the person receiving the order to 

 suspend, or dispense with its execution ; and after 

 i^ has been supposed to have gone into effect, to 

 be told, that nothing has been done in it, that it 

 will Be done, or that it could not be done ; either 

 of these is unpleasant and disagreeable to me, 

 havirig been all my lilii accustomed to more regu- 

 larity and punctualily. Nothing but system and 

 method are reqiiired to accomplish any reasonable 

 requests; ' 



From Mr. Slacker's Prize Essay. 



THE QUESTION OF A SUPERABUNDANT POP- 

 ULATION IN IRELA-JSD COKSIDKRED, AND 

 REASONS GIVEN FOR DECIDING IN THE 

 NEGAtlVE. 



I have already extended this treatise to a length 

 much beyond my original intention, but I cannot 

 conclude without endeavoring to answer one ob- 

 jection, which may be made to the opinions 1 have 

 supported in the fbregoinir; f allude to my objecting 

 to the expulsion of small holders, for the purpose 

 of consolidating farms; in regard to whicli it may 

 be asked, if this is not done, the population is in- 

 creasing so rapidlj", that as families grow up, sub- 

 division must go on, until at length the whole 

 community will betome paupers? I might fairly 

 ask in return, how the plan of turning out these 

 families will prevent pauperism? It seems to me 

 that the latter plan is by much the surest way to 

 produce such a result. But the most satisfaciory 

 answer to the question will perhaps be arrived at, 

 by endeavoring to ascertain how far the apprehen- 

 sions of a superabundant population, at present so 

 generally entertained, may or ma\' not be jusiified 

 b}- facts; for if it should appear that there was 



