MS 



^ IM E R S' R E G I S T E II. 



[No. 



From the Genesee Farmer. 

 WATER POWER. 



The discovery of a new applicafion of wnter 

 power, the repulti? of which promise to he of an 

 important character, has been made hy a trades- 

 man of Greenock, and is tlius described in the 

 Greenock Advertiser: 



Like all truly valuable discoveries, it is distin- 

 guished alike lor simplicity and efficiency. It con- 

 sists of a cylinder and piston similar to those em- 

 ployed in a steam enijine. To the cylinder there 

 are two entrance and two discharge pipes, one of 

 each on either side of he stuffinn; box of the pis- 

 ton. The same turn of the cock that admits the 

 water into one part of thecylintler opens the dis- 

 charge-pipe ill the other, and thus a vacuum is 

 formed. To work this, advantage is taken of the 

 pressure of the Shaw's water, the height oi' 

 the reservoir of which gives it a force of 60 lbs. 

 to the inch in the lower parts of the town. A 

 short time ago we witnessed an experiment with 

 a cylinder two inches in diameter, worked with a 

 jet of wafer somewhat less than a quarter of an 

 inch in diameter, and the piston, although loaded 

 with one and a half cwt. rose and fell sixteen times 

 in the minute. In this case the entrance and dis- 

 charge-pipes were equal in size, and the cylinder 

 was placed in a vertical position. Since then, the 

 discoverer has had another model made with the 

 cylinder laid horizontally, and with the discharge 

 pipes nearly three times as large as the entrance 

 ones, and by this means the motion was increaseil 

 to twenty-six double strokes in the minute. The 

 cheapness of an aparatus of this kind and its effi- 

 ciency wherever there is a sufficient heiirht of wa- 

 ter to work it, must be obvious to ail, while its 

 managebieness, and fi-eedom fi'om daiigei-, are no 

 less coiispicuous. The merit of the discovery is 

 due to JMr, W. Allison, a mason of this town, who 

 first suggested this novel application of a well 

 known power to ]Mr. Eaird, engineer, and !Mr. A. 

 Fairfrrieve, who have materially aided him in re- 

 ducing it to practice. 



One use to which Mr. Allison conceives it to be 

 peculiarly applicable, is the hoisting of heavy 

 goods into warehouses. The Shaw's Water 

 Company, tor 7Z. a year, give a supply of wafer 

 equal to 1000 gallons per day. Tliis water, in- 

 jected info acylindiM- ten inches in diameter, he 

 calculates will ra/se to the second floor 390 tons 

 per day, to the third floor 200 tons, to the fourth 

 150, and to the fitih 100 tons. The cost of the 

 water for each day's work is about 5d. The 

 goods in question will be raised 39 leet per minute. 

 These calculations have proceeded upon the pres- 

 sure on the water introduced into the town for do- 

 naestic purposes; but a pipe from the Compensa- 

 tion Dam at the paper mill (rom its superior heiiihf, 

 would give a pressure of about 200 lbs. on the 

 inch. 



From tlie Riclimond WTiig. 



DKCREASE OF THE TRADE OF Til R SOFTH- 

 ERN, AND INCREASE OF THAT OF THE NORTH- 

 ERN PORTS. 



[The followiiif]; extract is from orn:! of the numbers 

 -of a series, now in the course of publication, by a wri- 

 "ter who signs himself "Patrick nry," It forms an 



appropriate appendage to the report given in our last 

 No. on the 'Southern Convention.'] 



It is a melancholy truth which ouiiht long since 

 to have been impressed upon the mind of every 

 southern politician, that while the north has been 

 gradually advancing in prosperity and wealth, the 

 south has been as gradually declining. What- 

 ever may be the cause, the tact is undoubtedly so. 

 Sure it is not from the want of resoiu'ces. We 

 have all the elements of commercial greatness. 

 The staples of the south fijrnish by lar the largest 

 item in our domestic exports. Let us see the 

 facts. 



The value of exports from this to European 

 countries, in the year 1832, amounted to 5^44,676,- 

 463. Cffthis aiTiount, cotton, rice and tobacco, 

 (articles of exclusive southern production.) were 

 of the value of 838,506,257, leaving that of all 

 other domestic articles exported, only ^6,170,206. 

 But, as it may not be considered lair to take, as 

 data, the exports of a single year, we will adopt 

 the averaire amount of domestic exports for a se- 

 ries of years, viz : from the year 1821 to 1830. 

 That average, in rour.d numbers, according to au- 

 thentic statistics, may be put down a' .§53.000,000. 

 The averaire amount of cotton, rice and tobacco 

 exported during the same period, is estimated at 

 833,000,000, in round numbers. 



Now the population of the staple growing 

 states, (or that portion of the population of those 

 states engaged in the production of the southern 

 staples,) may be put down at $4,000,000. The 

 balance of the states not growing these staples, 

 may be estimated, on point of population, at 

 §8,000,000. So that a district of the southern 

 country, with a population of four millions, ex- 

 ports thirty-three millions of domestic produce ; 

 while the rest of states, with a population of 

 eisht millions, furnish for exfjortation only twenty 

 millions, Irotn which must be demicted the amount 

 of domestic manufactures exported, say five mil- 

 lions, and the amount of domestic exports of all 

 the states, save those which grow the southern sta- 

 ples of cotton, rice and tobacco, will be fourteen 

 millions only. The result is, that the staple grow- 

 incT states, with one-third of the population, pro- 

 duce more than two-thirds of the domestic ex- 

 ports of the country. 



It is not, therefore, that nature has not been 

 bountiful to the south, that she has been doomed 

 to commercial inferiority and 'dependance. Nor 

 is it the want of enterprise. There is as much in 

 southern character, education and temperament, to 

 stimulate enterprise as in the northern. The 

 only difference is, that while the spirit of enter- 

 prise, comV'On to the people of both sections of the 

 union, has been repressed in one case, it has been 

 stimulated and ericouratied in the other, by the un- 

 equal fiscal operations of the government. 



But let us continue the picture of southern de- 

 cline. While the south is the producer of the 

 irreat articles of domestic export, she has dwindled 

 in respect to import trade, to a point of insignifi- 

 cance which is absolutely disgracellil. Producing 

 more than two-thirds of ilie articles which are 

 <jiven in exchaniie for foreign merchandise, she is 

 the importer of not one-tenth of the merchandise 

 thus received in exchange for her staples. 



The southern reader, unaccustomed to statisti- 

 cal examinations, will be astonished, when he 



