1838] 



F A R M E RS ' REG! ST E R. 



695 



I think I shall soon be able to <rive nonrlj' the pre- 

 cise rnsf of inakiiifT the Iaiw'?t riiar.hinory. 



GaliJanism is. 1 trust, dcsliiu'il to produce the 

 greatest results in ihe most simple Ibrm, and 1 

 hope not to be considered an enliiiisiasi, when I 

 venture to predict, that soon enijines capable ol 

 propelliufx the larixest machinery will be produced 

 by the simple ncUon o{' livo galvantic magnets, n\H\ 

 worked with mncii less expense than eleam. 

 Yours, resnectltilly. 



Thomas Davknport. 



Aew York, Deccviber, 26, 1S37. 



From the Paisley Advcrtisor. 



GRRAT IMPROVKMENT IN DOMKSTIC t:COXO- 

 MY, DlSPEXSiXa WITH COALS AS FUKL. 



We iiave this week to notice a discovery whicii 

 will produce a greater chance in the arranixemenis 

 of the domestic life, than any discovery perhaps 

 that has been made (bra hundred years past ; we 

 allude to the substitution of gas for coals in the 

 warming of houses in cooking operations, &c. &c. 

 The jjrinciple on which this is done is so very 

 simple, in its application so very easy, as to en- 

 sure the speedy and extensive adoption of the im- 

 provement in every place where a supply of gas 

 can be obtained. The principle is as easy to de- 

 scribe as it is to apply, and is simply this: the mix- 

 ture of gas with five or six times its bulk of at- 

 mospheric air, and the burning of the mixture 

 through wire gauze. 



The modes of doing this may be varied accord- 

 ing to tile taste and (imcy of ihe consumer, and 

 great room for the display ol' taste is afforded : but 

 we shall describe one of the sitnplest modes of ap- 

 plication as best suited ibr general purposes. Sup- 

 posing then the fire is wanted near the ordinary 

 position of tlie orate, a gas pipe is laid to the spot, 

 and the jet is fixed pointing upwards, s-o as to be 

 about lour inches from the floor or hearth stone. 

 This jet is surrounded with a sheet iron pipe, or 

 cylintler, of a diameter from 3.^ to 7 inches ac- 

 cording to the quantity of fire wanted, and of the 

 lieight required, say from one to three feet, and 

 the top of the cylinder is covered with a |)iece of 

 fine wire gause, kept in this place by a small iron 

 hoop, circuinscnbinijthe cylinder in the same way 

 as the hair cloth is secured on the common seive. 



We have spoken of Ihe mixture of gas with five 

 or six times itsqnantity of atmospheric air, and the 

 question may arise, hoiv are we to mix substan- 

 ces which are neither visible nor tano-ible? It for- 

 tunately happens that no care on this point is ne- 

 cessarry. The bottom of the cylinder which cir- 

 cumscribes the jet, and in which the mixture of 

 gas and air takes place, has snppnrters fiistenei? 

 on it to raise it an inch or two from the floor, or 

 openinijs are cut out of the cylinder itself, so as to 

 admit the air freel}' to enter at the bottom. These 

 openings can be easily varied by dampers to ad- 

 mit such a quantity of air as may on trial be found 

 most advantageous. The top of the cylinder 

 may pass through an iron plate, which may be 

 kept on a level with a wire gauze, and which plate 

 will serve to hold cooking utensils in the kitchen, 

 or mantlepiece ornaments in drawing-rooms, din- 

 ing-rooms, and bed-rooms. If this top plate, as it 

 raay be called, which may be of any size or shape 



required, he extictlj^on a level with the wire gauze, 

 then it will be necessary to place on it a small 

 stand, so as to keep the bottom of a pan or kettle, 

 three or lour inches fmm the wire gauze. A per- 

 forated i)iece of cast iron may be laid in the top of 

 the wire jranze, tor the purpose of riiisinir the 

 flame a little above it, and of thus nndermg it 

 more durable. 



We rieed .scarcely add, that any number of 

 these fire places can be filled up in a kitchen range 

 so that if room permit, a dozen or a score of pots 

 may be boilinir, each on its own fire, while to 

 make one boil fiercely, ami another to simmer 

 slowlv, no labor with poker and tongs is reqiured; 

 all that is necessary is a small touch of the stop 

 cock, by which every fire in the range may be 

 made to burn with dilferent de^rrees of intensity. 



With respect to price; it islbnndthat one jet 

 will be quite sufficient for the cooking and warm- 

 ing purposes of an ordinary small fimiily, occu- 

 pyinir a room and kitchen, and who are in the 

 habit of keeping only one fire burning. In the 

 liiyhtin!! of fires, no chips, no peats, no pufling 

 and blowing with mouth or bellows is necessary; 

 and what in many cases is hiirhly imfiortant no 

 lime is lost, A person in kindling a fire has only 

 to turn the stop-cock, apply a lucifer or other' 

 match, and iis firle, in a second is in readiness (or 

 boiling a kettle or fi-ying a beaf steak either of 

 whicli'it will do in a very few iriinutes. Here^ 

 then, are coals wholly dispensed with— here is a 

 total escape from the" nuisance of cinders, aphes, 

 dust and what is still iriore annoying— smoke. _ 



The discovery which we have been attempting 

 to describe, we fear rather imperfecty, was made 

 by Mr. James Cook, manager of" the irnsworks 

 here, a irenileman of taste and scientific skill, 

 who has done more perhaps than any other man 

 in Scotland, in improvinfr gas illumination. A.s 

 he has no intention of taking out a patent for his 

 discovery, he has permitted us to describe it as 

 (ul!y as we please, that all who choose may reap 

 the advantages. 



We may state in conclusion, that our oflice was 

 yesteidav ' fitted u-> in a plain way with this new 

 variety of Promethean benificence, so that those 

 of our local readers who may not imderstand our 

 description fiilly, may call and have that descrip- 

 tion illustrated by occular demonstration. 



From tlie Bulletin d'Encour. June, 1837. 



BEET SUGAR. 



It appears to have been proved by M. Par- 

 rayon, beet sugar manufacturer at Merignies, 

 Fr .nee, that by adding diluted sul[)huric acid to 

 the pulp, as much juice can be obtained by two 

 cold pressures as by hot pressure, and that any 

 injurious eflTect of the ai^id is completely removed 

 by filtering the juice cold ihrouo'h animal charcoal 

 properlv prepared. It passes (i'om the filter with 

 an alkaline rather than an acid reaction. After 

 being filtered, it undergoes clarification by the or- 

 dinary methods, requiring, however, rather less 

 lime than usual. The sirup is remarkably white. 

 One litre of it (2.1135 pintsj produced 970 

 grammes (=31 oz troy,) whereas the same quan- 

 uty, by measure, of the ordinary sirup, yields on- 

 ly 750 grammes. 



